lscpu
用來顯示cpu的相關信息
free -h
以G為單位來顯示內存的信息。
locate
locate your_file_name 即可查找指定文件。
df / du
區別：
df 官方解釋 :
Show information about the file system on which each FILE resides,
or all file systems by default.
顯示每個文件所在的文件系統的信息，或默認的所有文件系統。
du 官方解釋:
Summarize disk usage of each FILE, recursively for directories.
遞歸地總結每個文件的磁盤使用情況。
常用命令：
df -h 查看磁盤空間大小
du -sh * 當前目錄下文件或目錄的大小
du -h -d 1 顯示當前目錄下文件大小或目錄的大小，并顯示當前目錄總占用大小
du -sh * | sort -nr | head 顯示前十個占用空間最大的文件或目錄
df --help 查看幫助df 幫助文檔
[root@iZ2ze15dbhsx4gje8d4h75Z target]# df --help
Usage: df [OPTION]... [FILE]...
Show information about the file system on which each FILE resides,
or all file systems by default.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-a, --all include dummy file systems
-B, --block-size=SIZE scale sizes by SIZE before printing them; e.g.,
'-BM' prints sizes in units of 1,048,576 bytes;
see SIZE format below
--direct show statistics for a file instead of mount point
--total produce a grand total
-h, --human-readable print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
-H, --si likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
-i, --inodes list inode information instead of block usage
-k like --block-size=1K
-l, --local limit listing to local file systems
--no-sync do not invoke sync before getting usage info (default)
--output[=FIELD_LIST] use the output format defined by FIELD_LIST,
or print all fields if FIELD_LIST is omitted.
-P, --portability use the POSIX output format
--sync invoke sync before getting usage info
-t, --type=TYPE limit listing to file systems of type TYPE
-T, --print-type print file system type
-x, --exclude-type=TYPE limit listing to file systems not of type TYPE
-v (ignored)
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit
Display values are in units of the first available SIZE from --block-size,
and the DF_BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE and BLOCKSIZE environment variables.
Otherwise, units default to 1024 bytes (or 512 if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set).
SIZE is an integer and optional unit (example: 10M is 10*1024*1024). Units
are K, M, G, T, P, E, Z, Y (powers of 1024) or KB, MB, ... (powers of 1000).
FIELD_LIST is a comma-separated list of columns to be included. Valid
field names are: 'source', 'fstype', 'itotal', 'iused', 'iavail', 'ipcent',
'size', 'used', 'avail', 'pcent', 'file' and 'target' (see info page).
GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
For complete documentation, run: info coreutils 'df invocation'
du --help 查看幫助文檔
[root@iZ2ze15dbhsx4gje8d4h75Z target]# du --help
Usage: du [OPTION]... [FILE]...
or: du [OPTION]... --files0-from=F
Summarize disk usage of each FILE, recursively for directories.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-0, --null end each output line with 0 byte rather than newline
-a, --all write counts for all files, not just directories
--apparent-size print apparent sizes, rather than disk usage; although
the apparent size is usually smaller, it may be
larger due to holes in ('sparse') files, internal
fragmentation, indirect blocks, and the like
-B, --block-size=SIZE scale sizes by SIZE before printing them; e.g.,
'-BM' prints sizes in units of 1,048,576 bytes;
see SIZE format below
-b, --bytes equivalent to '--apparent-size --block-size=1'
-c, --total produce a grand total
-D, --dereference-args dereference only symlinks that are listed on the
command line
-d, --max-depth=N print the total for a directory (or file, with --all)
only if it is N or fewer levels below the command
line argument; --max-depth=0 is the same as
--summarize
--files0-from=F summarize disk usage of the
NUL-terminated file names specified in file F;
if F is -, then read names from standard input
-H equivalent to --dereference-args (-D)
-h, --human-readable print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
--inodes list inode usage information instead of block usage
-k like --block-size=1K
-L, --dereference dereference all symbolic links
-l, --count-links count sizes many times if hard linked
-m like --block-size=1M
-P, --no-dereference don't follow any symbolic links (this is the default)
-S, --separate-dirs for directories do not include size of subdirectories
--si like -h, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
-s, --summarize display only a total for each argument
-t, --threshold=SIZE exclude entries smaller than SIZE if positive,
or entries greater than SIZE if negative
--time show time of the last modification of any file in the
directory, or any of its subdirectories
--time=WORD show time as WORD instead of modification time:
atime, access, use, ctime or status
--time-style=STYLE show times using STYLE, which can be:
full-iso, long-iso, iso, or +FORMAT;
FORMAT is interpreted like in 'date'
-X, --exclude-from=FILE exclude files that match any pattern in FILE
--exclude=PATTERN exclude files that match PATTERN
-x, --one-file-system skip directories on different file systems
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit
Display values are in units of the first available SIZE from --block-size,
and the DU_BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE and BLOCKSIZE environment variables.
Otherwise, units default to 1024 bytes (or 512 if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set).
SIZE is an integer and optional unit (example: 10M is 10*1024*1024). Units
are K, M, G, T, P, E, Z, Y (powers of 1024) or KB, MB, ... (powers of 1000).
GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
For complete documentation, run: info coreutils 'du invocation'
nohup 持續不掛斷的后臺運行
nohup java -jar demo.jar >./log.txt 2>&1 &
設置初始java 堆的最大值，最小值，加載配置文件
nohup java -Xms4g -Xmx4g -jar sems.jar --spring.config.location=/opt/exam/conf/app.properties > ./nohup.out 2>&1 &
history
列出歷史命令
history
列出最近運行的5條指令
history 5
ctrl + r 查找以前(歷史)輸入的命令
tail 命令常用
監視filename文件，刷新顯示在屏幕
tail -f filename
顯示filename文件最后100行
tail -n 100 filename
mkdir 創建一個空目錄
mkdir filename
遞歸創建多個目錄
mkdir -p test/test1
刪除空目錄
rmkdir filename
rmkdir /opt/exam
強制刪除一個目錄中的一個或多個文件或目錄 (慎用)
rm -rf filename
unzip
把文件解壓到當前目錄下
unzip test.zip
把文件解壓到指定的目錄下，-d參數。
unzip -d /temp test.zip
解壓的時候，不想覆蓋已經存在的文件，加上-n參數
unzip -n test.zip
解壓的時候，覆蓋已經存在的文件，加上-o參數
unzip -o test.zip
unzip -n -d /temp test.zip
執行的的時候不顯示任何信息，加上-q參數
unzip -q test.zip
查看壓縮文件目錄，但不解壓
unzip -v test.zip
zip
將當前目錄下的指定目錄，壓縮為.zip文件
zip -q -r xxxx.zip <dir name>
將指定目錄下的所有文件及其文件夾，壓縮為.zip文件
zip -q -r xxx.zip /<path to dir>
tar
https://www.cnblogs.com/newcaoguo/p/5896975.html
pwd 查看當前所在路徑
pwd
tree 以樹狀圖列出當前目錄結構
tree
chmod 權限
擁有者有讀、寫、執行權限；而屬組用戶和其他用戶只有讀、執行權限。
chmod 755 filename
所有用戶都有文件讀、寫權限
chmod 666 filename
所有用戶都有讀、寫、執行權限。
chmod 777 filename
ps是顯示當前狀態處于running的進程，grep表示在這些里搜索，而ps aux是顯示所有進程和其狀態。
ps aux | grep java
殺死相應的進程
kill -9 pid
殺死所有java進程
pkill -9 java
ll 羅列出當前文件或目錄的詳細信息，含有時間、讀寫權限、大小、時間等信息 ，像Windows顯示的詳細信息。
ll
ls 只列出文件名或目錄名 就象windows里的 列表
ls
vim 中查找字符串
/后跟查找的字符串。vim會顯示文本中第一個出現的字符串。
?后跟查找的字符串。vim會顯示文本中最后一個出現的字符串。
查詢磁盤使用情況
全部
df -h
單個目錄下
du -h -d 1
