1、安裝MariaDB
安裝命令
yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server
安裝完成MariaDB，首先啟動MariaDB
systemctl start mariadb
設置開機啟動
systemctl enable mariadb
接下來進行MariaDB的相關簡單配置
mysql_secure_installation
首先是設置密碼，會提示先輸入密碼
Enter current password for root (enter for none):<–初次運行直接回車
設置密碼
Set root password? [Y/n]?<– 是否設置root用戶密碼，輸入y并回車或直接回車
New password:<– 設置root用戶的密碼
Re-enter new password:?<– 再輸入一次你設置的密碼
其他配置
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n]?<– 是否刪除匿名用戶，回車
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n]?<–是否禁止root遠程登錄,回車,
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n]?<– 是否刪除test數據庫，回車
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n]?<– 是否重新加載權限表，回車
初始化MariaDB完成，接下來測試登錄
mysql -uroot -ppassword
完成。
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# find / -name mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
find: ‘/run/user/1000/gvfs’: 權限不夠
[root@localhost ~]# find . -name mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]#?
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server
已加載插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=os&infra=stock error was
12: Timeout on http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=os&infra=stock: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00?
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=extras&infra=stock error was
12: Timeout on http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=extras&infra=stock: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00?
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=updates&infra=stock error was
12: Timeout on http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=updates&infra=stock: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00?
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
正在解決依賴關系
--> 正在檢查事務
---> 軟件包 mariadb.x86_64.1.5.5.56-2.el7 將被 安裝
---> 軟件包 mariadb-server.x86_64.1.5.5.56-2.el7 將被 安裝
--> 正在處理依賴關系 perl-DBI，它被軟件包 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在處理依賴關系 perl-DBD-MySQL，它被軟件包 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在處理依賴關系 perl(Data::Dumper)，它被軟件包 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在處理依賴關系 perl(DBI)，它被軟件包 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在檢查事務
---> 軟件包 perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64.0.4.023-5.el7 將被 安裝
---> 軟件包 perl-DBI.x86_64.0.1.627-4.el7 將被 安裝
--> 正在處理依賴關系 perl(RPC::PlServer) >= 0.2001，它被軟件包 perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在處理依賴關系 perl(RPC::PlClient) >= 0.2000，它被軟件包 perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 軟件包 perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64.0.2.145-3.el7 將被 安裝
--> 正在檢查事務
---> 軟件包 perl-PlRPC.noarch.0.0.2020-14.el7 將被 安裝
--> 正在處理依賴關系 perl(Net::Daemon) >= 0.13，它被軟件包 perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在處理依賴關系 perl(Net::Daemon::Test)，它被軟件包 perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在處理依賴關系 perl(Net::Daemon::Log)，它被軟件包 perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在處理依賴關系 perl(Compress::Zlib)，它被軟件包 perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在檢查事務
---> 軟件包 perl-IO-Compress.noarch.0.2.061-2.el7 將被 安裝
--> 正在處理依賴關系 perl(Compress::Raw::Zlib) >= 2.061，它被軟件包 perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在處理依賴關系 perl(Compress::Raw::Bzip2) >= 2.061，它被軟件包 perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 需要
---> 軟件包 perl-Net-Daemon.noarch.0.0.48-5.el7 將被 安裝
--> 正在檢查事務
---> 軟件包 perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64.0.2.061-3.el7 將被 安裝
---> 軟件包 perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64.1.2.061-4.el7 將被 安裝
--> 解決依賴關系完成
依賴關系解決
========================================================================================
Package 架構 版本 源 大小
========================================================================================
正在安裝:
mariadb x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 base 8.7 M
mariadb-server x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 base 11 M
為依賴而安裝:
perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2 x86_64 2.061-3.el7 base 32 k
perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 base 57 k
perl-DBD-MySQL x86_64 4.023-5.el7 base 140 k
perl-DBI x86_64 1.627-4.el7 base 802 k
perl-Data-Dumper x86_64 2.145-3.el7 base 47 k
perl-IO-Compress noarch 2.061-2.el7 base 260 k
perl-Net-Daemon noarch 0.48-5.el7 base 51 k
perl-PlRPC noarch 0.2020-14.el7 base 36 k
事務概要
========================================================================================
安裝 2 軟件包 (+8 依賴軟件包)
總下載量：21 M
安裝大小：110 M
Downloading packages:
警告：/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/base/packages/mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: 頭V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, 密鑰 ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64.rpm 的公鑰尚未安裝
(1/10): mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 11 MB 00:00:02?
(2/10): mariadb-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64.rpm | 8.7 MB 00:00:02?
(3/10): perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 32 kB 00:00:00?
(4/10): perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 57 kB 00:00:00?
(5/10): perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64.rpm | 140 kB 00:00:00?
(6/10): perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 47 kB 00:00:00?
(7/10): perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch.rpm | 260 kB 00:00:00?
(8/10): perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch.rpm | 51 kB 00:00:00?
(9/10): perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch.rpm | 36 kB 00:00:00?
(10/10): perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64.rpm | 802 kB 00:00:00?
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
總計 8.1 MB/s | 21 MB 00:02?
從 file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 檢索密鑰
導入 GPG key 0xF4A80EB5:
用戶ID : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) "
指紋 : 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5
軟件包 : centos-release-7-4.1708.el7.centos.x86_64 (@anaconda)
來自 : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
正在安裝 : perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64 1/10?
正在安裝 : 1:mariadb-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 2/10?
正在安裝 : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64 3/10?
正在安裝 : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64 4/10?
正在安裝 : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 5/10?
正在安裝 : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch 6/10?
正在安裝 : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 7/10?
正在安裝 : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 8/10?
正在安裝 : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64 9/10?
正在安裝 : 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 10/10?
驗證中 : perl-DBI-1.627-4.el7.x86_64 1/10?
驗證中 : perl-Net-Daemon-0.48-5.el7.noarch 2/10?
驗證中 : perl-Data-Dumper-2.145-3.el7.x86_64 3/10?
驗證中 : perl-PlRPC-0.2020-14.el7.noarch 4/10?
驗證中 : 1:perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib-2.061-4.el7.x86_64 5/10?
驗證中 : perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2-2.061-3.el7.x86_64 6/10?
驗證中 : 1:mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 7/10?
驗證中 : perl-IO-Compress-2.061-2.el7.noarch 8/10?
驗證中 : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-5.el7.x86_64 9/10?
驗證中 : 1:mariadb-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 10/10
已安裝:
mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7 mariadb-server.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7
作為依賴被安裝:
perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7?
perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7?
perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.023-5.el7?
perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7?
perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7?
perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7?
perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7?
perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7
完畢！
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable maiadb
Failed to execute operation: No such file or directory
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable mariadb
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.
[root@localhost ~]# mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):?
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password:?
Re-enter new password:?
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n]?
... Success!
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n]?
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n]?
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:?
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 10
Server version: 5.5.56-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]>
2、配置MariaDB的字符集
文件/etc/my.cnf
vi /etc/my.cnf
在[mysqld]標簽下添加
init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci'
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci
skip-character-set-client-handshake
文件/etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf
vi /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf
在[client]中添加
default-character-set=utf8
文件/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf
vi /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf
在[mysql]中添加
default-character-set=utf8
?全部配置完成，重啟mariadb
systemctl restart mariadb
之后進入MariaDB查看字符集
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:?
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 14
Server version: 5.5.56-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like "%character%";show variables like "%collation%";
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
轉自：https://www.cnblogs.com/zhanzhan/p/7729981.html
