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Instrument of Surrender

日本向同盟國家投降的降書

We, acting by command ofand in behalf of the Emperor of Japan, the Japanese Government and the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters, hereby accept the provisions set forth in the declaration issued by the heads of the Governments of the United States, China and Great Britain on 26 July 1945 at Potsdam, and subsequently adhered to by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, which four powers are hereafter referred to as the Allied Powers.

余等茲對合眾國、中華民國、及大不列顛帝國，各國政府首腦，于一千九百四十五年七月二十六日于波茨坦宣而爾后由蘇維埃社會主義共和國聯邦之參加宣言條款，并根據日本政府，天皇，及日本帝國大本營之命令代表受諾之。右述四國以后稱之為聯合國。

set forth

其實是高級版的“闡明; 陳述”，英文解釋為“to state, express, or utter”，用于正式文體中。它有一個近義表達：set out，同樣表示“詳述；闡明”，如：

Your contract will set out the terms and conditions of your employment.

你的合同會詳細說明聘用的期限和條件。

hereby & hereafter

這兩個詞都用于正式文體當中，常見于法律文本。前者表示”特此，茲“，”as a result of this statement – used in official situations?“；后者表示”在下文中，此后“，”in a later part of an official or legal document?law“，如”

I hereby agree to the conditions of this contract.

我同意此合同的條款，特此聲明。

the Ulster Democratic Unionist Party (hereafter UDUP)

北愛爾蘭民主統一黨（以下簡稱UDUP）

We hereby proclaimthe unconditional surrender to the Allied Powers of the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters and of all Japanese armed forces and all armed forces under Japanese control wherever situated.

余等茲布告，無論日本帝國大本營，及任何地方所有之日本國軍隊，與夫日本國所支配下一切軍隊，悉對聯合國無條件投降。

proclaim

proclaim表示“非常正式地宣布某件事情”，可理解為“宣布；聲明”，英文解釋更加清晰，“to say publicly or officially that something important is true or exists“。proclaim后面可以接單個的名詞，也可以接that加從句，如”

Protesters proclaimed that the girl was innocent.

抗議者宣稱那個女孩是無辜的。

the unconditional surrender to 無條件投降

We hereby command all Japanese forces wherever situated and the Japanese people to cease hostilities forthwith, to preserve and save from damage all ships, aircraft, and military and civil property and to comply with all requirements which may be imposed by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers or by agencies of the Japanese Government at his direction.

余等茲命令任何地方之一切日本國軍隊，及日本國臣民，即刻停止敵對行動，保存所有船舶及軍用財產，且防止損毀，并服從聯合國最高司令官及其指示，對日本國政府之各機關所課之一切要求，應于以應諾。

cease

cease的意思大家應該不陌生，表示“停止”。它可以作及物和不及物動詞。

不及物動詞：

At two o'clock the rain had ceased.?

兩點時雨已經停了。

及物動詞：后直接接名詞，或者to do sth

He never ceases to amaze me.?

他總讓我驚喜不斷。

The Economist ceased publication this week.?

《經濟學人》于本周停刊。

forthwith，高級版的immediately

preserve and save from damage all ships, aircraft, and military and civil property

此處原來的語序應該是preserve and save all ships, aircraft, and military and civil property from damage，只不過英文里遇到這種中間成分太長的情況會把它后移

We hereby command the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters to issue at once orders to the Commanders of all Japanese forces and all forces under Japanese control wherever situated to surrender unconditionally themselves and all forces under their control.

余等茲命令日本帝國大本營，對于任何地方之一切日本國軍隊，及由日本國支配下一切軍隊指揮官，速即發布其本身或其支配下之一切軍隊無條件投降之命令。

We hereby command all civil, military and naval officials to obey and enforce all proclamations, orders and directivesdeemed by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers to be proper to effectuate this surrender and issued by him or under his authority and we direct all such officials to remain at their posts and continue to perform their non-combatant duties unless specifically relieved by him or under his authority.

余等茲命令所有官廳、陸軍及海軍之職員，命令其遵守其施行聯合國最高司令官為實施此投降文件，認為適當而其自己發出，或根據其委任發出之一切布告其指示，且命令右開職員，除由聯合國最高司令官，或根據其事務委任，與解除其任務以外，均須留于各自原有地位，且仍繼續行使各個之非戰斗任務。

directive

directive表示“官方指示”，英文解釋為”A?directive?is an official instruction that is given by someone in authority.“，如：

Thanks to a new directive, food labelling will be more specific.?

由于官方的一項新指令，食品標簽將會更明確具體。

deem

deem表示”認為，視為“，常見的用法有如下幾種：

deem that

They deemed that he was no longer capable of managing the business.

他們認為他沒有能力再管理這家企業了。

deem sth necessary/appropriate etc

They were told to take whatever action they deemed necessary.

他們被告知可采取任何必要的行動。

be deemed to be sth（文中就是此種用法）

They were deemed to be illegal immigrants.

他們被視為非法移民。

be deemed to do sth

UK plans were deemed to infringe EU law.

英國的計劃被認為觸犯了歐盟的法律。

effectuate

effectuate表示”使發生; 使有效; 完成“，英文解釋為”to cause to happen; effect; accomplish“

We hereby undertake for the Emperor, the Japanese Government and their successors to carry out the provisions of the Potsdam Declaration in good faith, and to issue whatever orders and take whatever action may be required by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers or by any other designated representative of the Allied Powers for the purpose of giving effect to that Declaration.

余等茲為天皇、日本國政府、及其繼續者，承約切實履行波茨坦宣言之條款，發布為實施宣言之聯合國最高司令官，及其他特派聯合國代表要求之一切命令，且實施一切措置。

undertake

undertake可以直接接名詞，表示”從事，承擔“，經常與task, job等連用，如：

She undertook the task of monitoring the elections.?

她承擔了監督選舉的任務。

它還可以和to do 連用，即”undertake to do sth“，表示”承諾”（文中也是這種用法）如：

He undertook to edit the text himself.?

他承諾親自編輯正文。

We hereby command the Japanese Imperial Government and the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters at once to liberate all allied prisoners of war and civilian internees now under Japanese control and to provide for their protection, care, maintenance and immediate transportation to places as directed.

余等茲對日本國政府、及日本帝國大本營命令，即速解放現由日本國支配下所有聯合國俘虜，及被拘留者，且執行對彼等之保護、津貼、給養，及對指定地點之迅速運輸等措置。

措置

這里是翻譯里經常用到的方法——增詞，具體而言，此處是增加范疇詞”措置“。

The authority of the Emperor and the Japanese Government to rule the state shall be subject to the Supreme Commander for Allied Powers who will take such steps as he deems proper to effectuate these terms of surrender.

天皇及日本國政府統治國家之權限，置于為實施投降條款采用認為適當措置之聯合國最高司令官之限制下。

Signed atTOKYO BAY, JAPAN at 09.04 on the SECOND day of SEPTEMBER, 1945.

重光葵

By Command and in behalf of the Emperor of Japan and the Japanese Government.

梅津美治郎

By Command and in behalf of the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters.

一千九百四十五年九月二日午前九時四分，于東京灣密蘇里號艦上簽字之，并根據大日本帝國天皇陛下及日本國政府之命令且以其名義。

重光葵

根據日本帝國大本營之命令且以下名義。

梅津美治郎

Accepted at TOKYO BAY, JAPAN at 0908 on the SECOND day of SEPTEMBER, 1945, for the United States, Republic of China, United Kingdom and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, and in the interests of the other United Nations at war with Japan.

一千九百四十五年九月二日午前九時四分，于東京灣為美利堅合眾國、中華民國、大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯合王國，及蘇維埃社會主義共和國聯盟，及與日本國存在戰爭狀態之其他聯合國之利益受諾之。

Douglas MacArthur
Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers.

聯合國最高司令官 道格拉斯·麥克阿瑟元帥

C.W. Nimitz
United States Representative

美利堅合眾國代表 尼米茲元帥

Hsu Yung-Ch'ang

Republic of China Representative

中華民國代表 徐永昌上將

Bruce Fraser

United Kingdom Representative

大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯合王國代表 符立則

Kuzma Derevyanko

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Representative

蘇維埃社會主義共和國聯盟代表 狄里夫楊柯中將

Thomas Blamey

Commonwealth of Australia Representative

澳大利亞聯邦代表 浦列米

L. Moore Cosgrave

Dominion of Canada Representative

加拿大國代表 柯司克列失

Jacques Leclerc

Provisional Government of the French Republic Representative

法蘭西國代表 克列克

C.E.L. Helfrich

Kingdom of the Netherlands Representative

荷蘭國代表 赫爾佛尼茲

Leonard M. Isitt

Dominion of New Zealand Representative

新西蘭代表 依西特

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日本投降書正本（中國）

1945年9月9日，南京中國陸軍總司令部禮堂舉行了中國戰區日本投降簽字儀式，中國戰區最高統帥蔣中正的特別代表、中國陸軍總司令何應欽與日本政府及大本營的代表、侵華日軍總司令岡村寧次分別在日本的投降書上簽字。

投降書規定：

一、日本帝國政府及日本帝國大本營已向聯合國最高統帥無條件投降

二、聯合國最高統帥第一號令規定“在中華民國（東三省除外）臺灣與越南北緯十六度以北地區內之日本全部陸海空軍與輔助部隊應向蔣委員長投降

三、吾等在上述區域內之全部日本陸海空軍及輔助部隊之將領愿率領所屬部隊向蔣委員長無條件投降

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銘記歷史 勿忘國恥

不忘初心 牢記使命

LearnAndRecord

2015年2月8日

2018年9月3日

第1304天

每天持續行動學外語