MacOS系統安裝環境
一、下載鏡像
由于國內被墻,需要設置下載鏡像,終端輸入:
export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn
export FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn
二、下載flutter包
終端輸入:
git clone -b dev https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
三、設置flutter為全局可執行
只需要終端輸入:
export PATH="$PWD/flutter/bin:$PATH"
以上配置命令為當前終端窗口臨時設置PATH變量,你會發現系統重新啟動后配置的PATH變量丟失。
在終端執行flutter doctor 提示command not found 。
所以我們要將Flutter PATH環境變量永久添加到系統路徑中,以便可以運行flutter命令在任何終端會話中。步驟如下:
確定您Flutter SDK的目錄,您將在步驟3中用到
打開(或創建) $HOME/.bash_profile. 文件路徑和文件名可能在您的機器上不同.(如不太了解.bash_profile的相關操作可以參考 Mac 打開、編輯.bash_profile)
添加以下行并更改[PATH_TO_FLUTTER_GIT_DIRECTORY]為克隆Flutter的git repo的路徑
打開.bashprofile文件,并把下面flutter環境配置添加到:
//Flutter sdk 環境變量配置
export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn
export FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn
// /Users/geek是你fultter sdk的路徑
export PATH=/Users/ypf/flutter/bin:$PATH
注意:PATH_TO_FLUTTER_GIT_DIRECTORY 為你flutter的路徑,比如“/Users/ypf”
export PATH=~/Users/ypf/flutter/bin:$PATH
保存好關閉bashprofile文件。
然后運行:
source $HOME/.bash_profile
刷新當前終端窗口。
然后通過運行flutter/bin命令驗證目錄是否在已經在PATH中:
echo $PATH
這時候就不用每次打開終端都要臨時設置PATH變量,很煩人。這時候:
flutter doctor
如果還是提示command not found,那就是沒有配成功,查看一下步驟,有沒有錯誤的。
如果在終端運行
flutter doctor
提示如下:
Waiting for another flutter command to release the startup lock
解決方法
1、打開flutter的安裝目錄/bin/cache/(可以通過指令進去)
2、手動刪除lockfile文件,也可以指令刪除(rm -rf lockfile)
3、重新在終端運行 flutter doctor查看一下,是否檢查環境安裝
四、檢查環境安裝
檢查依賴環境是否正常,完成安裝。
終端輸入:
cd ./flutter
flutter doctor
這個命令會檢查環境并在窗口顯示報告,Dart SDK與Flutter捆綁在一起;沒有必要單獨安裝Dart。仔細檢查輸出是否需要安裝其他軟件或執行其他任務
注意點:
- 第一次運行命令時,它會下載自身的依賴關系并自行編譯,后續運行會快很多。
- 如果過程失敗,多重復幾次,并根據命令行提示進行安裝。
Last login: Sun Apr 28 14:44:44 on ttys000
localhost:~ ypf$ export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn
localhost:~ ypf$ export FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn
localhost:~ ypf$ git clone -b master https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
fatal: destination path 'flutter' already exists and is not an empty directory.
localhost:~ ypf$ export PATH="$PWD/flutter/bin:$PATH"
localhost:~ ypf$ cd ./flutter
localhost:flutter ypf$ flutter doctor
Building flutter tool...
Flutter assets will be downloaded from https://storage.flutter-io.cn. Make sure
you trust this source!
Downloading Material fonts... 5.2s
Downloading android-arm-profile/darwin-x64 tools... 6.1s
Downloading android-arm-release/darwin-x64 tools... 5.2s
Downloading android-arm64-profile/darwin-x64 tools... 6.5s
Downloading android-arm64-release/darwin-x64 tools... 5.4s
Downloading android-x86 tools... 40.4s
Downloading android-x64 tools... 41.9s
Download failed -- attempting retry 1 in 1 second...
Downloading android-arm tools... 20.3s
Downloading android-arm-profile tools... 11.6s
Download failed -- attempting retry 1 in 1 second...
Downloading android-arm-release tools... 11.0s
Downloading android-arm64 tools... 21.4s
Download failed -- attempting retry 1 in 1 second...
Downloading android-arm64-profile tools... 15.1s
Downloading android-arm64-release tools... 10.2s
Downloading ios tools... 97.3s
Downloading ios-profile tools... 69.6s
Downloading ios-release tools... 57.3s
Downloading Gradle Wrapper... 0.2s
Download failed -- attempting retry 1 in 1 second...
Downloading package sky_engine... 3.4s
Downloading common tools... 24.6s
Downloading common tools... 25.0s
Downloading darwin-x64 tools... 82.0s
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[?] Flutter (Channel master, v1.5.9-pre.43, on Mac OS X 10.13.6 17G65, locale
zh-Hans-CN)
[!] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 27.0.3)
? Flutter requires Android SDK 28 and the Android BuildTools 28.0.3
To update using sdkmanager, run:
"/Users/ypf/Library/Android/sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager"
"platforms;android-28" "build-tools;28.0.3"
or visit https://flutter.dev/setup/#android-setup for detailed
instructions.
! Some Android licenses not accepted. To resolve this, run: flutter doctor
--android-licenses
[!] iOS toolchain - develop for iOS devices (Xcode 10.1)
? libimobiledevice and ideviceinstaller are not installed. To install with
Brew, run:
brew update
brew install --HEAD usbmuxd
brew link usbmuxd
brew install --HEAD libimobiledevice
brew install ideviceinstaller
? ios-deploy not installed. To install:
brew install ios-deploy
[?] Android Studio (version 3.1)
[?] VS Code (version 1.33.0)
[?] Connected device (1 available)
! Doctor found issues in 2 categories.
localhost:flutter ypf$
根據提示繼續輸入指令,完善自己flutter環境安裝。根據上面的提示,iOS配置終端輸入一下命令
,不是在flutter目錄下,是重新打開終端的默認的路徑下:
brew update
brew install --HEAD usbmuxd
brew link usbmuxd
brew install --HEAD libimobiledevice
brew install ideviceinstaller
// ios-deploy not installed. To install:
brew install ios-deploy
然后在用flutter doctor查看一下。
//我們已經將Flutter PATH環境變量永久添加到系統路徑中,不然每次重啟終端都要調用設置臨時path路徑
export PATH="$PWD/flutter/bin:$PATH"
cd ./flutter
flutter doctor
根據上面的提示,Some Android licenses not accepted.解決這個執行命令:
flutter doctor
--android-licenses
然后根據提示信息輸入 y 就行了。
還有一個就是android sdk的版本太低,更新sdk版本為最新就行:
點擊Configure彈出下拉框選擇SDK Manager。
把最新的sdk勾選上下載。下載完之后,打開終端,檢查一下android環境配置是否成功
export PATH="$PWD/flutter/bin:$PATH"
cd ./flutter
flutter doctor
如果出現這個
說明你的安裝環境已經完成了。
Android Studio配置Flutter環境
- 啟動Android Studio.
- 打開插件首選項 (Configure>Preferences>Plugins on macOS)
- 選擇 Browse repositories…, 選擇 Flutter 插件并點擊 install.
- 重啟Android Studio后插件生效.
重啟完Android Studio.會發現多了一個Start a new Flutter project選項
點擊進入選擇下一步,然后配置flutter sdk的路徑如圖:
點擊next,一個在Android Studio工具創建的Flutter就算成功了。
使用xcode運行項目
在生成Flutter項目中有android和ios兩個文件。
- 雙擊進入ios文件
- 在前提現在xcode的情況下雙擊Runner.xcworkspace文件就可以打開。(ios開發比較熟悉,可以忽略)
VSCode配置Flutter環境
- 安裝好VSCode并打開VSCode,操作如圖:
-
安裝完之后,通過終端創建你的flutter項目??梢栽谙朐谖恢脛摻愕膄luuter項目
flutter create 項目名
-
創建完項目之后,通過VSCode打開項目,并運行項目指令:
flutter run
運行完項目就可以看到模擬器上運行著項目: