動(dòng)名詞就是在原形動(dòng)詞后加上ing，使其具有名詞的特性，句子中可扮演主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的功能。
◎動(dòng)名詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)：須具有名詞特性的字(或字群)才能當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，所以動(dòng)名詞可當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。
※比較
Do?it right now. (祈使句)
To do / Doing it right now?is important. (直述句)
※ 動(dòng)名詞或不定詞放句首當(dāng)主詞時(shí)，整個(gè)主詞視為一件事，其后須用單數(shù)動(dòng)詞。
例：1. Sleeping eight hours a day is good for health. (一天睡8小時(shí)有益健康。)
? ? ? ? ? =To sleep eight hours a day is good for health.
? ? ? ? ? =It is good for health to sleep eight hours a day.
? ? ? 2. Swimming at the beach is a lot of fun. (在海邊游泳很好玩。)
? ? ? ? =To swim at the beach is a lot of fun.
? ? ? ?= It's a lot of fun to swim at the beach. ?注意：這里只能用不定詞 to swim ，而不能用動(dòng)名詞swiming.?
注意：It's no use crying over spilt milk. (特殊用法，相當(dāng)于中文的覆水難收。)
◎動(dòng)名詞當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)：放一般動(dòng)詞或介系詞后。
(1) 當(dāng)一般動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)
例：1. You have to give up smoking. (你必須戒煙。)
2. I like watching basketball games on TV. (我喜歡看電視上的籃球比賽。)
注意1：動(dòng)詞 like, love, hate, start, begin, learn…等之后可接V-ing或to-V當(dāng)受詞，在意思上沒有差別。
例：They began dancing / to dance faster and faster. (他們開始跳得越來越快。)
注意2：動(dòng)詞stop, remember, forget, try…等之后可接V-ing或to-V當(dāng)受詞，但意思通常不同。
例：1. The man stopped talking. (那人停止說話。)
? ? ? ? ? ? The man stopped to talk to a newsboy. (那人停下來和報(bào)童說話。)
? ? ? ? *? I'm tried. I have to stop working.(我累了，我必須停止工作。)
相當(dāng)于 I'm tried. I have to take a rest. （我累了，我必須休息一下。）
? ? ? ?2. She remembered meeting him somewhere. (她記得在某處曾見過他。) ---已見過
? ? ? ? ? ?She remembered to meet him at the station. (她記得要在車站和他碰面。) ---尚未過見
※ Remember to preview your lesson before class and review your lesson after class.
? ? (記得課前預(yù)習(xí)，課后復(fù)習(xí)。)
3. Lucy forgot sending me a card. (Lucy忘記曾寄給我一張卡片。) ---寄過
? ? Lucy forgot to send me a card. (Lucy忘了要寄卡片給我。) ---未寄
※ Don't forget to send me a card on Christmas. (別忘了在圣誕節(jié)寄張卡片給我。)
4. Try to solve the problem before ten o'clock. (設(shè)法在十點(diǎn)前解決這個(gè)問題。) ---要人盡力去做某事
? ? Try knocking at the back door if nobody hears you at the front door.
(如果前面沒有人聽到，試敲一下后門。)---即敲一敲門，試試是否有人應(yīng)門
◎下列動(dòng)詞之后只能接V-ing。
mind、enjoy、finish、practice、miss、quit、understand、avoid、give up、can't help、can't stand、或It's no use、It's no good這樣的句型
例：1. Would you mind waiting for me? (你介意等我一下嗎？)
? ? ? ?※ I made up my mind to wait for her. (我決定要等她。) 注意：這里的mind 是名詞，心智。
? ? ? ?2. These students practice speaking English every day. (這些學(xué)生每天練習(xí)英語(yǔ)。)
? ? ? ?3. I can't help laughing at him. (我忍不住嘲笑他。)
(2)當(dāng)介系詞的賓語(yǔ)—介系詞之后必接V-ing。
例：1. He is interested in playing hide-and-seek. (他喜歡玩躲貓貓。)
? ? ? ? 2. We are thinking about buying a washing machine. (我們考慮要買臺(tái)洗衣機(jī)。)
◎動(dòng)名詞當(dāng)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)—?jiǎng)用~可位于be動(dòng)詞之后當(dāng)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。
例：1. My work is washing cars. (我的工作是洗車。)
? ? ? ? 2. One of my hobbies is collecting stamps. (我的嗜好之一是集郵。)
注意：在其它句型中的V-ing形式
1. go+ V-ing / go+n.+ V-ing ? ?注意：這里的名詞前面不能加冠詞，后面不能加s/es
例：go golfing 打高爾夫球 ? go fishing 去釣魚 ?go hunting 打獵
? ? ? ?go bowling 打保齡球 ?go skating 溜冰 ?go swimming 去游泳
? ? ? ?go hiking 去健行 ?go shopping 逛街 ?go sailing 去航行
例：go mountain climbing 去爬山 ?go bike riding 騎車兜風(fēng)
? ? ? ?go window shopping 去逛街(只逛不買) ?go bird watching去賞鳥
2. do + a lot of / a little + V-ing ?做...(事)
例：1. I am busy, but I still do a little painting. (我很忙，但我仍然偶爾會(huì)畫畫。)
? ? ? ? 2. Do you have to do a lot of traveling in your work? (你的工作必須經(jīng)常旅行嗎？)
3. busy，trouble…等+ V-ing →本句型中V-ing前面常省略介系詞in
例：1. My mom was busy cooking dinner. (我媽那時(shí)忙著做晚餐。)
2. I had trouble finding out the answer to the question. (我無(wú)法找出這問題的答案。)
4. There is no + V-ing…(…是沒有辦法做到的。)
例：1. There is no telling what will happen next. (無(wú)法得知接下來會(huì)發(fā)生什么事。)
2. There is no knowing who did it. (無(wú)法知道那件事是誰(shuí)做的。)
練習(xí)：
1.I remember seeing Mr. Smith in my office before.
2.I'll remember to see Mr. Smith tomorrow.
3.Would you mind going to London on business?
4.Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one.
5.I can't help feeling worried about his health.
6.I apologize for not keeping my promise.
