系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)是B/S,開發(fā)語言是C#、silverlight，開發(fā)平臺(tái)是.NET，數(shù)據(jù)庫為sqlserver，這是我讀研究生時(shí)候自己做的作品，以自己的母校為地圖，進(jìn)行GIS相關(guān)的功能分析，核心的模塊有：空間查詢、GPS定位模擬、搜索模塊、統(tǒng)計(jì)分析；其中說的不足之處，望各位指點(diǎn)出來。
整體思路：空間查詢是用戶在地圖上框選一定范圍，然后根據(jù)框選范圍Geometry來進(jìn)行query查詢。框選利用Draw工具有多邊形、矩形、圓線等方式。實(shí)現(xiàn)方式，前臺(tái)界面設(shè)計(jì)：
<pre>
<Grid x:Name="ToolbarGrid" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="600" Height="0" RenderTransformOrigin="0.5,0.5">
<Grid.RenderTransform>
<ScaleTransform x:Name="ToolbarGridScaleTransform" ScaleX="0" ScaleY="0" />
</Grid.RenderTransform>
<StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
<esriToolkit:Toolbar x:Name="MyToolbar" MaxItemHeight="40" MaxItemWidth="40"
VerticalAlignment="Top" HorizontalAlignment="Left"
Loaded="MyToolbar_Loaded"
ToolbarItemClicked="MyToolbar_ToolbarItemClicked"
ToolbarIndexChanged="MyToolbar_ToolbarIndexChanged"
Width="600" Height="40">
<esriToolkit:Toolbar.Items>
<esriToolkit:ToolbarItemCollection>
<esriToolkit:ToolbarItem Text="放大">
<esriToolkit:ToolbarItem.Content>
<Image Source="Images/i_zoomin.png" Stretch="UniformToFill" Margin="3" />
</esriToolkit:ToolbarItem.Content>
</esriToolkit:ToolbarItem>
<esriToolkit:ToolbarItem Text="縮小">
<esriToolkit:ToolbarItem.Content>
<Image Source="Images/i_zoomout.png" Stretch="UniformToFill" Margin="3" />
</esriToolkit:ToolbarItem.Content>
</esriToolkit:ToolbarItem>
<esriToolkit:ToolbarItem Text="多邊形查詢">
<esriToolkit:ToolbarItem.Content>
<Image Source="Images/DrawPolygon.png" Stretch="UniformToFill" Margin="5"/>
</esriToolkit:ToolbarItem.Content>
</esriToolkit:ToolbarItem>
<esriToolkit:ToolbarItem Text="線查詢">
<esriToolkit:ToolbarItem.Content>
<Image Source="Images/DrawPolyline.png" Stretch="UniformToFill" Margin="5"/>
</esriToolkit:ToolbarItem.Content>
</esriToolkit:ToolbarItem>
<esriToolkit:ToolbarItem Text="矩形查詢">
<esriToolkit:ToolbarItem.Content>
<Image Source="Images/DrawRectangle.png" Stretch="UniformToFill" Margin="5"/>
</esriToolkit:ToolbarItem.Content>
</esriToolkit:ToolbarItem>
</esriToolkit:ToolbarItemCollection>
</esriToolkit:Toolbar.Items>
</esriToolkit:Toolbar>
<TextBlock x:Name="StatusTextBlock" FontWeight="Bold" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/>
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
這里只講空間查詢部分，其他的距離量算、面積量算等具體見源代碼。
后臺(tái)代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)：
public MainPageII() //構(gòu)造函數(shù)初始化
{
//初始化MyDrawObject，draw工具
MyDrawObject = new Draw(MyMap)
{
FillSymbol = DefaultFillSymbol, //初始化默認(rèn)的填充顏色
LineSymbol = DefaultLineSymbol //初始化默認(rèn)的線顏色
};
MyDrawObject.DrawComplete += myDrawObject_DrawComplete; //draw完成觸發(fā)函數(shù)，為了獲取框選的范圍geometry結(jié)果
MyDrawObject.DrawBegin += myDrawObject_DrawBegin; //draw之前觸發(fā)函數(shù)，設(shè)置一些畫之前的動(dòng)作
}
private void myDrawObject_DrawBegin(object sender, EventArgs args)
{
GraphicsLayer graphicsLayer = MyMap.Layers["MapTipGraphicsLayer"] as GraphicsLayer;//設(shè)置GraphicsLayer
graphicsLayer.ClearGraphics();//draw之前，清空所有的graphics
}
////////////////////////下面是實(shí)現(xiàn)工具欄的功能
private void myDrawObject_DrawComplete(object sender, DrawEventArgs args)
{
if (toolMode == "Rectangle_Query")//toolMode變量來判斷是哪種模式框選，此處為矩形，其他框選模式原理是一樣的，這里不再寫出來
{
GraphicsLayer graphicsLayer = MyMap.Layers["MapTipGraphicsLayer"] as GraphicsLayer;
ESRI.ArcGIS.Client.Geometry.Envelope clickEnvelope = args.Geometry as Envelope;//獲取幾何范圍geometry
//先判斷一下是矢量地圖還是遙感地圖
if (rasterMap.IsChecked == true)
{
graphicsLayer.ClearGraphics();
}
else
{
graphicsLayer.ClearGraphics();
ESRI.ArcGIS.Client.Graphic graphic = new ESRI.ArcGIS.Client.Graphic() //定義框選出來的矩形樣式顏色
{
Geometry = clickEnvelope,
Symbol = DefaultFillSymbol
};
graphicsLayer.Graphics.Add(graphic);//添加框選出來的圖形顯示在地圖上
}
QueryTask queryTask = new QueryTask("http://192.168.1.4/arcgis/rest/services/SWUMap/MapServer/9");//定義QueryTask
queryTask.ExecuteCompleted += QueryTask1_ExecuteCompleted; //query查詢結(jié)果
queryTask.Failed += QueryTask_Failed;//query查詢失敗
Query query = new ESRI.ArcGIS.Client.Tasks.Query(); //定義query對(duì)象
// Specify fields to return from query
query.OutFields.AddRange(new string[] { "ID", "NAME", "Area", "Length", "X", "Y", "ImagePath" });//設(shè)置query條件
//query.OutFields.Add("*");
query.Where = "1=1";
query.Geometry = args.Geometry;//幾何條件
query.ReturnGeometry = true;
queryTask.ExecuteAsync(query);//執(zhí)行query查詢
Binding resultFeaturesBinding = new Binding("LastResult");/query查詢結(jié)果值獲取，綁定在datagrid表格用
resultFeaturesBinding.Source = queryTask;
Find_QueryDetailsDataGrid.SetBinding(DataGrid.ItemsSourceProperty, resultFeaturesBinding);//獲取的查詢結(jié)果值綁定在datagrid表格
ShowFindQueryWindow.Begin();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 顯示選擇元素顏色
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="args"></param>
private void QueryTask1_ExecuteCompleted(object sender, ESRI.ArcGIS.Client.Tasks.QueryEventArgs args)
{
FeatureSet Query_featureSet = args.FeatureSet;//獲取到查詢結(jié)果集合
GraphicsLayer graphicsLayer = MyMap.Layers["MapTipGraphicsLayer"] as GraphicsLayer;
if (Query_featureSet == null || Query_featureSet.Features.Count < 1)
{
information.Text = "沒有查詢記錄!";
ShowImageRoot.Begin();
return;
}
if (Query_featureSet != null && Query_featureSet.Features.Count > 0)
{
foreach (Graphic feature in Query_featureSet.Features)
{
//先判斷一下是矢量地圖還是遙感地圖
if (rasterMap.IsChecked == true)
{
feature.Symbol = LayoutRoot.Resources["RemotePicture"] as ESRI.ArcGIS.Client.Symbols.PictureMarkerSymbol;//定義符號(hào)顏色樣式
feature.Geometry = new MapPoint(Convert.ToDouble(feature.Attributes["X"]), Convert.ToDouble(feature.Attributes["Y"]));
graphicsLayer.Graphics.Add(feature);
RemotePictureStoryboard.Begin();
}
else
{
feature.Symbol = LayoutRoot.Resources["ParcelSymbol"] as FillSymbol;//定義符號(hào)顏色樣式
graphicsLayer.Graphics.Insert(0, feature);//查詢結(jié)果的幾何圖形顯示在地圖上
}
}
}
}
</pre>
** 二、搜索模塊，主要包括路徑搜索、關(guān)鍵字搜索、范圍搜索**
** 1**、關(guān)鍵字搜索，就是普通的query查詢，其實(shí)應(yīng)該用locator地理編碼服務(wù)來實(shí)現(xiàn)的，當(dāng)時(shí)自己水平有限，沒能使用。把所有興趣的信息集合在一個(gè)圖層里面，然后發(fā)布地圖服務(wù)，這樣用query查詢方式可以達(dá)到跟locator一樣的目的。
這里貼上核心后臺(tái)代碼好了，前臺(tái)界面很簡單就是一個(gè)文本框輸入和按鈕。
QueryTask queryTask = new QueryTask("http://192.168.1.4/arcgis/rest/services/SWUMap/MapServer/9");//定義 QueryTask
queryTask.ExecuteCompleted += QueryTask2_ExecuteCompleted; //query查詢結(jié)果
Query query = new ESRI.ArcGIS.Client.Tasks.Query(); //定義query對(duì)象
query.OutFields.AddRange(new string[] { "ID", "NAME", "Area", "Length", "X", "Y", "ImagePath" });//設(shè)置query條件 query.text =****;//文本框獲取的文本值
query.ReturnGeometry = true;
queryTask.ExecuteAsync(query);//執(zhí)行query查詢
很類似框選查詢的query，不過是設(shè)置條件換了，geometry換為text，查詢結(jié)果一樣是在 queryTask.ExecuteCompleted里面獲取，獲取到關(guān)鍵字查詢的結(jié)果然后定位到其地理位置顯示在地圖上。
2、范圍搜索，這里用buffer分析方式來實(shí)現(xiàn)的，利用buffer獲取到幾何范圍geometry，然后再利用query方式來實(shí)現(xiàn)，這里很類似空間查詢部分的框選查詢，不同的是獲取geometry方式不太一樣，一個(gè)是draw，一個(gè)是buffer。
此處是用地圖單擊事件獲取某點(diǎn)，然后利用某點(diǎn)為中心來buffer的，貼上buffer部分代碼，后果query代碼跟空間查詢部分是一樣的。
<pre>
GeometryService _geometryService;
** （1）**初始化函數(shù)定義
_geometryService = new GeometryService("http://192.168.1.4/arcgis/rest/services/Geometry/GeometryServer");
_geometryService.BufferCompleted += GeometryService_BufferCompleted;
_geometryService.Failed += GeometryService_Failed;
** （2）** 地圖單擊事件函數(shù)
////先判斷一下，輸入條件是否為空
if (Buffertextbox.Text == "")
{ //MessageBox.Show("請您輸入范圍搜索條件!");
information.Text = "請您輸入范圍搜索條件!";
ShowImageRoot.Begin();
return;
}
GraphicsLayer graphicsLayer = MyMap.Layers["MapTipGraphicsLayer"] as GraphicsLayer;
graphicsLayer.ClearGraphics();
_geometryService.CancelAsync();
_queryTask.CancelAsync();
Graphic stop = new Graphic();
if (rasterMap.IsChecked == true) {
stop.Symbol = RemotePicture1;
}
else
{
stop.Symbol = StopSymbol;
}
stop.Geometry = e.MapPoint;//獲取地圖點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)
stop.Geometry.SpatialReference = MyMap.SpatialReference;
stop.SetZIndex(2);
graphicsLayer.Graphics.Add(stop);
// Use a projection appropriate for your area of interest
ESRI.ArcGIS.Client.Tasks.BufferParameters bufferParams = new ESRI.ArcGIS.Client.Tasks.BufferParameters() {
//BufferSpatialReference = new SpatialReference(4326),
BufferSpatialReference = new SpatialReference(32648),
OutSpatialReference = MyMap.SpatialReference,
Unit = LinearUnit.Meter//設(shè)置地圖單位
};
double R = Convert.ToDouble(Buffertextbox.Text);//buffer半徑
bufferParams.Distances.Add(R);
bufferParams.Features.Add(stop);
_geometryService.BufferAsync(bufferParams); //執(zhí)行緩沖分析
</pre>
（3）獲取buffer范圍結(jié)果函數(shù)，然后利用geomerey來query查詢
<pre>private void GeometryService_BufferCompleted(object sender, GraphicsEventArgs args)
{
Graphic bufferGraphic = new Graphic();
bufferGraphic.Geometry = args.Results[0].Geometry;//獲取buffer范圍geometry
bufferGraphic.Symbol = BufferSymbol;//定義buffer符號(hào)
bufferGraphic.SetZIndex(1);
GraphicsLayer graphicsLayer = MyMap.Layers["GLayer"] as GraphicsLayer;
graphicsLayer.Graphics.Add(bufferGraphic);
ESRI.ArcGIS.Client.Tasks.Query query = new ESRI.ArcGIS.Client.Tasks.Query();
//query.OutFields.Add("*");
query.OutFields.AddRange(new string[] { "DW", "Shape", "ID", "Area", "Length", "NAME","X","Y","ImagePath" });
query.ReturnGeometry = true;
query.Where = "1=1";
query.Geometry = bufferGraphic.Geometry;
_queryTask.ExecuteAsync(query);
Binding resultFeaturesBinding = new Binding("LastResult.Features");
resultFeaturesBinding.Source = _queryTask;
huanchongqujieguo.SetBinding(DataGrid.ItemsSourceProperty,
resultFeaturesBinding);
// BufferResultWindow.IsOpen = true;
//huanchongqujieguo.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
ShowBufferResultWindow.Begin();
}</pre>
3、路徑搜索，最短路徑和最優(yōu)路徑，重點(diǎn)詳細(xì)描述最短路徑，最優(yōu)路徑是在最短的路徑基礎(chǔ)上改造的，這里篇數(shù)問題，不再講。
（1）最短路徑，界面是兩個(gè)文本框和查詢按鈕，這里不貼了，貼上核心代碼：
<pre>//下面是實(shí)現(xiàn)路徑添加障礙點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析
MapPoint MapPointRoute1, MapPointRoute2;
RouteTask _routeTask;
List<Graphic> _stops = new List<Graphic>();
List<Graphic> _barriers = new List<Graphic>();
RouteParameters _routeParams = new RouteParameters(); /////定義Direction
Graphic _activeSegmentGraphic;
DirectionsFeatureSet _directionsFeatureSet;
/// <summary> /// 最短路徑分析初始化 /// </summary>
private void MyShortPathToChoice() {
_routeTask = new RouteTask("http://192.168.1.4/arcgis/rest/services/SWUMap/NAServer/Route");
_routeTask.SolveCompleted += routeTask_SolveCompleted;
_routeTask.Failed += routeTask_Failed;
_routeParams.Stops = _stops;
_routeParams.Barriers = _barriers;
_routeParams.UseTimeWindows = false;
////定義Direction的 _routeParams.ReturnRoutes = true;/////
_routeParams.ReturnDirections = true;
_routeParams.DirectionsLengthUnits = esriUnits.esriMiles;
}
///////////////執(zhí)行路徑分析
if (_stops.Count > 1) {
// GraphicsLayer stopsLayer = MyMap.Layers["MyStopsGraphicsLayer"] as GraphicsLayer;
if (_routeTask.IsBusy) {
_routeTask.CancelAsync();
stopsLayer.Graphics.RemoveAt(stopsLayer.Graphics.Count - 1);
}
_routeTask.SolveAsync(_routeParams);
}
///////路徑分析結(jié)果
private void routeTask_SolveCompleted(object sender, RouteEventArgs e) {
GraphicsLayer routeLayer = MyMap.Layers["MyRouteGraphicsLayer"] as GraphicsLayer;
if (e.RouteResults.Count() > 0 && Which_Path1 == "ShortPath")
{
////先清空DirectionsStackPanel
DirectionsStackPanel.Children.Clear();
RouteResult routeResult = e.RouteResults[0]; ////定義Direction
_directionsFeatureSet = routeResult.Directions;
routeResult.Route.Geometry = _directionsFeatureSet.MergedGeometry;
//routeResult.Route.Symbol = RouteSymbol;
routeResult.Route.Symbol = LayoutRoot.Resources["RouteSymbol"] as ESRI.ArcGIS.Client.Symbols.Symbol;
routeLayer.Graphics.Clear();
Graphic lastRoute = routeResult.Route;
//decimal totalLength = (decimal)lastRoute.Attributes["Shape_Length"];
decimal totalLength = (decimal)lastRoute.Attributes["Total_Length"];
string length = string.Format("{0} Meters", totalLength.ToString("#0.000"));
Total_Length.Text = length;
//decimal totalTime = (decimal)lastRoute.Attributes["Total_Time"];
string tip = string.Format("{0} minutes", (totalLength/100).ToString("#0.000"));
Total_Time.Text = tip;
routeLayer.Graphics.Add(lastRoute);
////Direction
int i = 1;
foreach (Graphic graphic in _directionsFeatureSet.Features) {
System.Text.StringBuilder text = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
text.AppendFormat("{0}. {1}", i, graphic.Attributes["text"]);
if (i > 1 && i < _directionsFeatureSet.Features.Count) {
string distance = (Convert.ToDouble(graphic.Attributes["length"])*1609.329).ToString();
// string distance = graphic.Attributes["length"].ToString();
// string distance = graphic.Attributes["length"].ToString();
string time = null;
if (graphic.Attributes.ContainsKey("time")) {
//time = FormatTime(Convert.ToDouble(graphic.Attributes["time"]));
time = graphic.Attributes["time"].ToString();
}
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(distance) || !string.IsNullOrEmpty(time))
text.Append(" (");
text.Append(distance);
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(distance) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(time))
text.Append(", ");
text.Append(time);
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(distance) || !string.IsNullOrEmpty(time))
text.Append(")");
}
TextBlock textBlock = new TextBlock() { Text = text.ToString(), Tag = graphic, Margin = new Thickness(4), Cursor = Cursors.Hand };
textBlock.MouseLeftButtonDown += new MouseButtonEventHandler(directionsSegment_MouseLeftButtonDown);
DirectionsStackPanel.Children.Add(textBlock);
i++;
}
MyMap.ZoomTo(Expand(_directionsFeatureSet.Extent));
}
}
private void directionsSegment_MouseLeftButtonDown(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e) {
TextBlock textBlock = sender as TextBlock;
Graphic feature = textBlock.Tag as Graphic;
MyMap.ZoomTo(Expand(feature.Geometry.Extent));
if (_activeSegmentGraphic == null) {
_activeSegmentGraphic = new Graphic()
{
Symbol = LayoutRoot.Resources["SegmentSymbol"] as ESRI.ArcGIS.Client.Symbols.Symbol
};
GraphicsLayer graphicsLayer = MyMap.Layers["MyRouteGraphicsLayer"] as GraphicsLayer;
graphicsLayer.Graphics.Add(_activeSegmentGraphic);
}
_activeSegmentGraphic.Geometry = feature.Geometry;
}
private void stackPanel_MouseLeftButtonDown(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e) {
if (_directionsFeatureSet != null) {
GraphicsLayer graphicsLayer = MyMap.Layers["MyRouteGraphicsLayer"] as GraphicsLayer;
MyMap.ZoomTo(Expand(_directionsFeatureSet.Extent));1n
}
}
private Envelope Expand(Envelope e) {
double factor = 0.6;
MapPoint centerMapPoint = e.GetCenter();
return new Envelope(centerMapPoint.X - e.Width * factor, centerMapPoint.Y - e.Height * factor, centerMapPoint.X + e.Width * factor, centerMapPoint.Y + e.Height * factor);
} </pre>
** 三**、GPS模擬定位，這里說說思路好了，具體見源代碼。主要是模擬校車每個(gè)時(shí)刻的地位Point，然后再描繪出來連接成線line，最后添加再地圖上顯示出來。應(yīng)用到arcgis api的對(duì)象point、line、graphic、geometry、graphiclayer等等。
四、統(tǒng)計(jì)分析，這里不描述了，具體見源代碼。
GIS之家新博客系列發(fā)布更新在GIS之家網(wǎng)站，歡迎關(guān)注收藏：GIS之家網(wǎng)站
GIS之家作品：GIS之家
GIS之家交流咨詢：咨詢模式
