DMCplus控制器的主要候選應(yīng)用是高體積單元,如原油精餾單元。在這些單元中比例因子較大,一個小的操作改善將會帶來非常顯著的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。
變換單元如貓餅干廠與加氫裂化等也是不錯的DMCplus控制器候選應(yīng)用。由于這些單元是將低價(jià)值原料轉(zhuǎn)換為高價(jià)值產(chǎn)品,存在顯著提高產(chǎn)量和盈利能力的潛力。
DMCplus控制器的第三候選應(yīng)用是生產(chǎn)高價(jià)值產(chǎn)品的單元。即使其是小體積單元,增加產(chǎn)品回收率的效益也是非常顯著的。許多特種化學(xué)品應(yīng)用屬于這一類。
DMCplus控制器的第四候選應(yīng)用是高消耗的單元。許多串聯(lián)精餾屬于這一類。產(chǎn)品通常被過度純化從而使得干擾影響不至于導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)品不合格。通過實(shí)施DMCplus控制,干擾影響可以被部分抵消,產(chǎn)品可以控制地更接近指標(biāo)(卡邊控制)從而節(jié)省能源。
DMCplus控制器的第五候選應(yīng)用是受到頻繁干擾的單元。前面提到的Pre-frac塔就是此類應(yīng)用的一個典型例子。實(shí)施控制器單元的穩(wěn)定操作可能并不具有有形的效益,但下游單元的盈利能力得到顯著的改善。由于進(jìn)料更加穩(wěn)定,約束可以更好地被推向邊界。
DMCplus控制器的最后一組候選應(yīng)用是包含實(shí)時(shí)優(yōu)化(RTO)應(yīng)用的單元。RTO范圍涵蓋了整個工藝單元,而不僅僅是單元中的某一臺設(shè)備(DMCplus)。RTO計(jì)算整個工藝單元角度的最優(yōu)穩(wěn)態(tài)工作點(diǎn),而DMCplus穩(wěn)態(tài)求解器只能優(yōu)化控制器覆蓋(通常不是整個工藝單元)的設(shè)備。
為了實(shí)施RTO解決方案,就必須有一個在同時(shí)存在多項(xiàng)約束條件下能控制高度耦合多變量過程的控制方案;
DMCplus是天作之合。一個典型的RTO應(yīng)用程序?qū)⑾驇讉€DMCplus控制器中寫入設(shè)定值。這些控制器需要擁有快速驅(qū)動過程到新的最佳操作點(diǎn)并在面對干擾的情況下保持穩(wěn)定的能力。
附原文:
The primary candidates for DMCplus control are?high volume units, such as Crude Distilling Units. In these units, the scale factor works for the benefits, so that a small improvement in operation results in a very significant economic benefit.
Conversion units, such as Cat Crackers and Hydrocrackers, are also good candidates for DMCplus control. Since these units are converting a less valuable feed to higher valued products, the potential exists to significantly improve yield and profitability.
A third group of candidates for DMCplus control are?units that produce a highly valued product(s). Evenif the unit is a low volume unit, the benefits can be quite significant for increased product recovery. Many specialty chemicals applications fall underthis group.
A fourth group of candidates for DMCplus control are?units with a high consumption of utilities. Many fractionation trains fall under this group.The products are over-purified so that the effects of disturbances do not cause the products to go off-specification. By implementing DMCplus control, the effect of the disturbances can be accounted for, with products controlled closer to specification which saves energy.
A fifth group of candidates for DMCpluscontrol areunits that are subject to frequent disturbances.The Pre-frac Tower mentioned previously provides aprime example of this type of application. Stabilizing the operation of the unit may not have tangible benefits at the point where the controller is implemented, but the profitability of the downstream units is generally improved. Constraints can be pushed more closely since the feed is more stable.
A final group of candidates for DMCplus control are?units where Real Time Optimization (RTO) is to be applied. The scope of RTO covers the entire process unit, and not just certain pieces of equipment in the unit (DMCplus). RTO calculates a steady-state operating point that is optimal from the standpoint of the entire process unit, while the DMCplus steady-state solver can only optimize the equipment covered by the controller (typically not the entire process unit).
In order to implement RTO solutions,it is necessary to have a control scheme that controls highly interactive multivariable processes at several constraints simultaneously; DMCplus is a natural fit.A typical RTO application writes setpoints to several DMCplus controllers. These controllers are required to take the process quickly to the new optimal operating point, and hold it there in the face of disturbances.
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?2015.9.13