iOS因為沙盒機制,所以只能訪問通訊錄、相冊和App內的文件，下面就來說說如何進行文件管理。
App所產生的數據都存在于自己的沙盒中，一般沙盒都有3個文件：Documents、Library和tmp。
Documents：這個目錄存放用戶數據。存放用戶可以管理的文件；iTunes備份和恢復的時候會包括此目錄。
Library:主要使用它的子文件夾,我們熟悉的NSUserDefaults就存在于它的子目錄中。
Library/Caches:存放緩存文件，iTunes不會備份此目錄，此目錄下文件不會在應用退出刪除,“刪除緩存”一般指的就是清除此目錄下的文件。
Library/Preferences:NSUserDefaults的數據存放于此目錄下。
tmp:App應當負責在不需要使用的時候清理這些文件，系統在App不運行的時候也可能清理這個目錄。
獲取App沙盒根路徑：
NSString *dirHome=NSHomeDirectory();
獲取Documents目錄路徑：
NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
獲取Library目錄路徑
NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSLibraryDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
NSString *libraryDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
獲取Library/Caches目錄路徑
NSArray *cacPath = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
NSString *cachePath = [cacPath objectAtIndex:0];
獲取Tmp目錄路徑
NSString *tmpDirectory = NSTemporaryDirectory();
創建文件夾/目錄(返回創建結果)
-(BOOL)createDir:(NSString *)fileName{
NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
NSString * path = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@",documentsDirectory,fileName];
NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
BOOL isDir;
if (![fileManager fileExistsAtPath:path isDirectory:&isDir]) {//先判斷目錄是否存在，不存在才創建
BOOL res=[fileManager createDirectoryAtPath:path withIntermediateDirectories:YES attributes:nil error:nil];
return res;
} else return NO;
創建文件(返回創建結果)
-(BOOL)createFile:(NSString *)path{
NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
NSString *testPath = [path stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"test.c"];//在傳入的路徑下創建test.c文件
BOOL res=[fileManager createFileAtPath:testPath contents:nil attributes:nil];
//通過data創建數據
[fileManager createFileAtPath:testPath contents:data attributes:nil];
return res;
}
寫數據到文件(返回寫入結果)
-(BOOL)writeFile:(NSString *)path{
NSString *testPath = [path stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"test.c"];
NSString *content=@"將數據寫入到文件！";
BOOL res=[content writeToFile:testPath atomically:YES encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil];
return res;
}
讀文件數據
-(void)readFile:(NSString *)path{
//方法1:
NSData * data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:path];
NSString * content = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]);
//方法2:
NSString * content = [NSString stringWithContentsOfFile:path encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil];
NSLog(@"文件讀取成功: %@",content);
}
文件屬性
-(void)fileAttriutes:(NSString *)path{
NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
NSDictionary *fileAttributes = [fileManager attributesOfItemAtPath:path error:nil];
NSArray *keys;
id key, value;
keys = [fileAttributes allKeys];
int count = [keys count];
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
key = [keys objectAtIndex: i]; //獲取文件名
value = [fileAttributes objectForKey: key]; //獲取文件屬性
}
}
根據路徑刪除文件(返回刪除結果)
-(BOOL)deleteFileByPath:(NSString *)path{
NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
BOOL res=[fileManager removeItemAtPath:path error:nil];
return res;
NSLog(@"文件是否存在: %@",[fileManager isExecutableFileAtPath:path]?@"YES":@"NO");
}
根據文件名刪除文件
- (BOOL)deleteFileByName:(NSString *)name{
NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
[fileManager removeItemAtPath:[self getLocalFilePath:fileName] error:nil];//getLocalFilePath方法在下面
}
根據路徑復制文件
+(BOOL)copyFile:(NSString *)path topath:(NSString *)topath
{
BOOL result = NO;
NSError * error = nil;
result = [[NSFileManager defaultManager]copyItemAtPath:path toPath:topath error:&error ];
if (error){
NSLog(@"copy失敗：%@",[error localizedDescription]);
}
return result;
}
根據路徑剪切文件
+(BOOL)cutFile:(NSString *)path topath:(NSString *)topath
{
BOOL result = NO;
NSError * error = nil;
result = [[NSFileManager defaultManager]moveItemAtPath:path toPath:topath error:&error ];
if (error){
NSLog(@"cut失敗：%@",[error localizedDescription]);
}
return result;
}
根據文件名獲取資源文件路徑
+(NSString *)getResourcesFile:(NSString *)fileName
{
return [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:fileName ofType:nil];
}
根據文件名獲取文件路徑
+(NSString *)getLocalFilePath:(NSString *) fileName
{
NSString * path = [NSHomeDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"/Documents"]
return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@",path,fileName];
}
根據文件路徑獲取文件名稱
+(NSString *)getFileNameByPath:(NSString *)filepath
{
NSArray *array=[filepath componentsSeparatedByString:@"/"];
if (array.count==0) return filepath;
return [array objectAtIndex:array.count-1];
}
根據路徑獲取該路徑下所有目錄
+(NSArray *)getAllFileByName:(NSString *)path
{
NSFileManager *defaultManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
NSArray *array = [defaultManager contentsOfDirectoryAtPath:path error:nil];
return array;
}
根據路徑獲取文件目錄下所有文件
+(NSArray *)getAllFloderByName:(NSString *)path
{
NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
NSArray * fileAndFloderArr = [self getAllFileByName:path];
NSMutableArray *dirArray = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
BOOL isDir = NO;
//在上面那段程序中獲得的fileList中列出文件夾名
for (NSString * file in fileAndFloderArr){
NSString *paths = [path stringByAppendingPathComponent:file];
[fileManager fileExistsAtPath:paths isDirectory:(&isDir)];
if (isDir) {
[dirArray addObject:file];
}
isDir = NO;
}
return dirArray;
}
獲取文件及目錄的大小
+(float)sizeOfDirectory:(NSString *)dir{
NSDirectoryEnumerator *direnum = [[NSFileManager defaultManager] enumeratorAtPath:dir];
NSString *pname;
int64_t s=0;
while (pname = [direnum nextObject]){
//NSLog(@"pname %@",pname);
NSDictionary *currentdict=[direnum fileAttributes];
NSString *filesize=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",[currentdict objectForKey:NSFileSize]];
NSString *filetype=[currentdict objectForKey:NSFileType];
if([filetype isEqualToString:NSFileTypeDirectory]) continue;
s=s+[filesize longLongValue];
}
return s*1.0;
}
重命名文件或目錄
+(BOOL)renameFileName:(NSString *)oldName toNewName:(NSString *)newName
{
BOOL result = NO;
NSError * error = nil;
result = [[NSFileManager defaultManager] moveItemAtPath:[kDSRoot stringByAppendingPathComponent:oldName] toPath:[kDSRoot stringByAppendingPathComponent:newName] error:&error];
if (error){
NSLog(@"重命名失敗：%@",[error localizedDescription]);
}
return result;
}
讀取文件
+(NSData *)readFileContent:(NSString *)filePath{
return [[NSFileManager defaultManager] contentsAtPath:filePath];
}
保存文件
+(BOOL)saveToDirectory:(NSString *)path data:(NSData *)data name:(NSString *)newName
{
NSString * resultPath = [path stringByAppendingPathComponent:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"/%@",newName]];
return [[NSFileManager defaultManager] createFileAtPath:resultPath contents:data attributes:nil];
}
未完待續。。。（通訊錄和相冊）
