原文地址:How to Install Oracle Java JDK on Ubuntu Linux
This tutorial will cover the installation of 32-bit and 64-bit Oracle Java 8 (currently version number1.8.0_20) JDK on 32-bit and 64-bit Ubuntu operating systems. These instructions will also work on Debian and Linux Mint.
?本教程覆蓋在32位和64位Ubuntu操作系統上安裝32位和64位 Oracle Java 8(現在最新版本號是1.8.0_20) JDK.這些方法同樣適用于Debian和Linux Mint.
This article is for those who only want to install the Oracle Java JDK
with the Oracle Java JRE included in the JDK download. Instructions for
how to install Oracle Java JDK only on Debian based Linux operating
systems such as Debian, Ubuntu and Linux Mint.
這篇文章是寫給那些只想安裝Oracle Java JDK 并且包含JRE的人.這些方法只基于Dibian系的Linux分發版,例如Debian, Ubuntu, 和 Linux Mint.
1
Check to see if your Ubuntu Linux operating system
architecture is 32-bit or 64-bit, open up a terminal and run the
following command below.
Type/Copy/Paste:file /sbin/init
Note the bit version of your Ubuntu Linux operating system architecture it will display whether it is 32-bit or 64-bit.
1.檢查你的Ubuntu系統是32位還是64位的.打開你的終端,運行下列命令:
$:file /sbin/init ? ? ?
Note:你的終端窗口會顯示你的Ubuntu系統是32位還是64位的.
2
Check if you have Java installed on your system.To do this, you will have to run the Java version command from terminal.
Open up a terminal and enter the following command:
Type/Copy/Paste:java -version
If you have OpenJDK installed on your system it may look like this:
java version "1.7.0_15"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (IcedTea6 1.10pre) (7b15~pre1-0lucid1)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 19.0-b09, mixed mode)
If you have OpenJDK installed on your system, you have the wrong vendor version of Java installed for this exercise.
2.檢查你的系統中是否已經安裝過了Java.你需要在終端中運行下面的命令:
java -version
如果你的系統中已經安裝了OpenJDK,會有如下信息顯示:
java version "1.7.0_15"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (IcedTea6 1.10pre) (7b15~pre1-0lucid1)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 19.0-b09, mixed mode)
如果你的系統安裝了OpenJDK, 此次練習中你安裝了不正確的Java版本.
3
Completely remove the OpenJDK/JRE from your system and create a directory to hold your Oracle Java JDK/JRE binaries.This will prevent system conflicts and confusion between different vendor versions of Java. For example, if you have the OpenJDK/JRE installed on your system, you can remove it by typing the following at the command line:
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo apt-get purge openjdk-\*
This command will completely remove OpenJDK/JRE from your system
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/java
This command will create a directory to hold your Oracle Java JDK and JRE binaries.
3.完整移除OpenJDK/JRE從你的系統,并且創建一個文件夾用來存放你的Oracle Java JDK 二進制文件.這能防止系統發生沖突和混亂在不同版本的Java版本.例如,如果你的系統中安裝了OpenJDK,你可以移除踏通過輸入下列命令:
sudo apt-get purge openjdk-\*
這行命令會從你的系統中完整移除OpenJDK/JRE.
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/java
這行命令會創建一個文件夾用來存放你的Oracle Java JDK 和 JRE 二進制文件.
Download the Oracle Java JDK for Linux. Make sure you select thecorrectcompressed binaries for your system architecture 32-bit or 64-bit (which end in tar.gz).
For example, if you are on Ubuntu Linux 32-bit operating system download 32-bit Oracle Java binaries.
For example, if you are on Ubuntu Linux 64-bit operating system download 64-bit Oracle Java binaries.
Optional,Download the Oracle Java JDK Documentation
Select jdk-8u20-apidocs.zip
Important Information:64-bit Oracle Java binaries do not work on 32-bit Ubuntu Linux operating systems, you will receive multiple system error messages, if you attempt to install 64-bit Oracle Java on 32-bit Ubuntu Linux.
4.下載Linux版本的Oracle JDK .確定你為你的系統(32位或者64位)選擇了正確的壓縮包(以tar.gz結尾的文件).
如果你的系統是32位的就下載32位的JDK, 64位的就下載64位的JDK.
注意:64位的JDK不會在32位的系統上工作,如果你試圖在32位系統上安裝64位JDK會收到一堆系統錯誤.
5
Copy the Oracle Java binaries into the /usr/local/java directory.In most cases, the Oracle Java binaries are downloaded to: /home/"your_user_name"/Downloads.
32-bit Oracle Java on 32-bit Ubuntu Linux installation instructions:
Type/Copy/Paste:cd /home/"your_user_name"/Downloads
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo cp -r jdk-8u20-linux-i586.tar.gz /usr/local/java/
Type/Copy/Paste:cd /usr/local/java
64-bit Oracle Java on 64-bit Ubuntu Linux installation instructions:
Type/Copy/Paste:cd /home/"your_user_name"/Downloads
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo cp -r jdk-8u20-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/java/
Type/Copy/Paste:cd /usr/local/java
5.復制Oracle Java壓縮包到 /usr/local/java 目錄下.通常壓縮包會下載到 /home/"your_user_name"/下載.
32位Ubuntu上安裝32位JDK步驟:
cd /home/"your_user_name"/下載
sudo cp -r jdk-8u20-linux-i586.tar.gz /usr/local/java/
cd /usr/local/java
64位Ubuntu上安裝64位JDK步驟:
cd /home/"your_user_name"/下載
sudo cp -r jdk-8u20-linux-x64.tar.gz /usr/local/java/
cd /usr/local/java
6
Unpack the compressed Java binaries, in the directory /usr/local/java
32-bit Oracle Java on 32-bit Ubuntu Linux installation instructions:
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo tar xvzf jdk-8u20-linux-i586.tar.gz
64-bit Oracle Java on 64-bit Ubuntu Linux installation instructions:
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo tar xvzf jdk-8u20-linux-x64.tar.gz
6.解壓 /usr/local/java 目錄下的JDK壓縮包
32位Ubuntu上解壓32位JDK步驟:
sudo tar xvzf jdk-8u20-linux-i586.tar.gz
64位Ubuntu上解壓64位JDK步驟:
sudo tar xvzf jdk-8u20-linux-x64.tar.gz
7
Double-check your directories.At this point, you should have two uncompressed binary directories in /usr/local/java for the Java JDK/JRE listed as:
Type/Copy/Paste:
7.雙擊你的目錄.此時,你應該可以在/usr/local/java文件夾下看到兩個解壓出來的存放 Java JDK/JRE文件夾, 如下:
ls -a
jdk1.8.0_20
jre1.8.0_20
8
Edit the system PATH file /etc/profile and add the following system variables to your system path.Use nano, gedit or any other text editor, as root, open up /etc/profile.
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo gedit /etc/profile
or
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo nano /etc/profile
8.編輯系統路徑文件/etc/profile 添加下面的系統變量到你的系統路徑中.已root用戶,通過nano,gedit或者其他編輯器打開 /etc/profile:
sudo gedit /etc/profile
或者
sudo nano /etc/profile
9
Scroll down to the end of the file using your arrow keys and add the following lines below to the end of your /etc/profile file:
Type/Copy/Paste:
9.用你的方向鍵滾動到文件底部.將下面幾行插入你的/etc/profile文件底部:
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_20
JRE_HOME=/usr/local/java/jre1.8.0_20
PATH=$PATH:$JRE_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME
export JRE_HOME
export PATH
10.保持 /etc/profile 文件并退出
11
Inform your Ubuntu Linux system where your Oracle Java JDK/JRE is located.This will tell the system that the new Oracle Java version is available for use.
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_20/bin/java" 1
this command notifies the system that Oracle Java JRE is available for use
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javac" "javac" "/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_20/bin/javac" 1
this command notifies the system that Oracle Java JDK is available for use
Type/Copy/Paste:sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javaws" "javaws" "/usr/local/java/jdk1.8.0_20/bin/javaws" 1
this command notifies the system that Oracle Java Web start is available for use
