強化win10下的命令行 - 顏值和實用并存
更新時間：2021-01-03 20:18:15
2021-10-21 10:40:57
- 增加 PSReadLine 插件
2021-01-04 10:49:08
- 抄了更多小馬哥的文章！！！
2021-01-03 20:18:15
- 增加
PSColor模塊安裝說明- 發現一個很好的文章 PowerShell 美化指南 by 小馬哥
0x1 安裝 Windows Terminal
在 Microsoft Store 中下載 Windows Terminal 注意系統要求
<img src="https://image.yoouu.cn/2020/win10-terminal/win10-terminal.png" alt="win10-terminal" style="zoom:50%;" />
0x2 安裝 PowerShell core
下載地址：https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell/releases
win10選擇 PowerShell-7.1.0-preview.7-win-x64.msi 這種安裝即可
<img src="https://image.yoouu.cn/2020/win10-terminal/poweishell-core.png" alt="poweishell-core" style="zoom:50%;" />
0x3 安裝字體（可選）
FiraCode - 連字符字體
<img src="https://image.yoouu.cn/sunseekerx/resource/FiraCode.svg" alt="FiraCode" style="zoom: 33%;" />
JetBrainsMono - IDEA 系字體
0x4 安裝 PowerShell 模塊
通過在 PowerShell 中執行下面的命令安裝, 以超級管理員運行 PowerShell
右鍵桌面空白的地方選擇 PowerShell > Open Here as Administrator
CurrentUser 是僅為當前用戶安裝模塊
安裝過程中加上 -Verbose 可以看到輸出
注意事項
如果出現 PowerShell 因為在此系統上禁止運行腳本…
# 更改執行策略
set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned
# 查看執行策略
get-ExecutionPolicy
如果在安裝過程中遇到類似于這樣的提示
不受信任的存儲庫你正在從不受信任的存儲庫安裝模塊。如果你信任該存儲庫，請通過運行 Set-PSRepositorycmdlet 更改其 InstallationPolicy 值。是否確實要從“PSGallery”安裝模塊?[Y] 是(Y) [A] 全是(A) [N] 否(N) [L] 全否(L) [S] 暫停(S) [?] 幫助
你可以按 Y 或 A 鍵，但是如果你覺得每次都這樣麻煩的話，可以先執行下面的命令：
Set-PSRepository -Name PSGallery -InstallationPolicy Trusted
之后再安裝模塊就不會出現這個提示了。
如果下載慢的話可以使用命令行代理
命令行下載依舊很慢的可以試試全局科學上網！！！
# 設置代理（填寫你本地的端口）
netsh winhttp set proxy 127.0.0.1:1080
# 取消代理
netsh winhttp reset proxy
# 查看代理
netsh winhttp show proxy
# clash
$Env:http_proxy="http://127.0.0.1:7890";$Env:https_proxy="http://127.0.0.1:7890"
參數說明
# -Scope CurrentUser 安裝在當前用戶作用域下
Install-Module posh-git -Scope CurrentUser
# -Verbose 輸出日志
Install-Module posh-git -Scope CurrentUser -Verbose
posh-git
Install-Module posh-git
oh-my-posh
Install-Module oh-my-posh
PSColor
在默認情況下， PowerShell 的文件列表并不會彩色顯示。
想要文件列表彩色顯示的話，最簡單的方法就是安裝一個 PowerShell 模塊：PSColor。
這個模塊安裝使用都很簡單，打開 Windows PowerShell 管理員控制臺，輸入：
Install-Module PSColor
DirColors
Install-Module DirColors
哪些文件類型可以被加亮顯示是可以配置的，在 PSColor 官方的 README 中有介紹，這里就不轉述了。不過這個配置方式是 PowerShell 式的，如果能直接像上面使用 itermcolors 文件配置控制臺色彩一樣，直接用 Linux 平臺上的現成的 dircolors 配置文件的話，會不會更方便呢？這個想法很好，而且還真的有人實現了，它就是 DirColors。
這也是一個 PowerShell 模塊，安裝方式跟 PSColor 一樣，使用：
Install-Module DirColors
導入該模塊。接下來，如果你想要載入某個現成的 dircolors 配置文件的話，只需要用：
Update-DirColors ~\dir_colors
這條命令就可以了。
其中 ~\dir_colors 就是配置文件的路徑，關于 dir_colors 的配置文件，在 github 上可以搜到不少，比如：dircolors-solarized。這里就不再列舉更多了。
PSReadLine
如果是使用自帶的 powershell，先執行
Install-Module -Name PowerShellGet -Force
Exit
然后安裝
Install-Module PSReadLine -AllowPrerelease -Force
# 穩定版本
Install-Module PSReadLine
0x5 配置 PowerShell
字體配置
模塊配置
0x1 輸入：
$PROFILE
# C:\Users\SunSeekerX\Documents\PowerShell\Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1
0x2 繼續輸入：
if (!(Test-Path -Path $PROFILE )) { New-Item -Type File -Path $PROFILE -Force }
notepad $PROFILE
0x3 在打開的文件中添加： Set-PoshPrompt Paradox 是設置默認主題
以前為 Set-Theme
該文件是每次啟動 PowerShell 執行的文件，加載兩個模塊和設置主題。
其他可選主題有
Agnoster、Avit、Darkblood、Fish、Honukai、Paradox、Sorin、tehrob, PowerLine
# Import Modules BEGIN
# 引入 DirColors
Import-Module DirColors
# 引入 posh-git
Import-Module posh-git
# 引入 oh-my-posh
Import-Module oh-my-posh
# 引入 ps-read-line
Import-Module PSReadLine
# 設置 PowerShell 主題
Set-PoshPrompt Paradox
# Import Modules END
# Set Hot-keys BEGIN
# 設置預測文本來源為歷史記錄
Set-PSReadLineOption -PredictionSource History
# 每次回溯輸入歷史，光標定位于輸入內容末尾
Set-PSReadLineOption -HistorySearchCursorMovesToEnd
# 設置 Tab 為菜單補全和 Intellisense
Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key "Tab" -Function MenuComplete
# 設置 Ctrl+d 為退出 PowerShell
Set-PSReadlineKeyHandler -Key "Ctrl+d" -Function ViExit
# 設置 Ctrl+z 為撤銷
Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key "Ctrl+z" -Function Undo
# 設置向上鍵為后向搜索歷史記錄
Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key UpArrow -Function HistorySearchBackward
# 設置向下鍵為前向搜索歷史紀錄
Set-PSReadLineKeyHandler -Key DownArrow -Function HistorySearchForward
# Set Hot-keys END
0x4 保存后關閉記事本, 在終端中輸入以下命令生效(這里不要照抄 下面執行的 是 上文中$PROFILE的值)
C:\Users\SunSeekerX\Documents\PowerShell\Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1
0x5 切換主題
Set-Theme $主題名字
0x6 配置 Windows Terminal
配置主題配色
0x1 打開配置文件 setting.json
<img src="https://image.yoouu.cn/2020/win10-terminal/pwsh.png" alt="pwsh" style="zoom: 50%;" />
0x2 參考以下配置
可自行修改，一定要符合json的內容格式，不然會報錯，還有就是圖片的的路徑要與己系統對應
改的比較多的就是 profiles > defaults 和 schemes ，前者是啟動的配置，后者是主題配色。
下面的配置不要全部復制，可以選擇性的更改你的配置！
{
"$schema": "https://aka.ms/terminal-profiles-schema",
"actions": [
{
"command": {
"action": "copy",
"singleLine": false
},
"keys": "ctrl+c"
},
{
"command": "find",
"keys": "ctrl+shift+f"
},
{
"command": "paste",
"keys": "ctrl+v"
},
{
"command": {
"action": "splitPane",
"split": "auto",
"splitMode": "duplicate"
},
"keys": "alt+shift+d"
}
],
"copyFormatting": "none",
"copyOnSelect": false,
"defaultProfile": "{61c54bbd-c2c6-5271-96e7-009a87ff44bf}",
"profiles": {
"defaults": {
"colorScheme": "One Half Dark",
"font": {
"face": "Sarasa Term SC",
"size": 12
},
"acrylicOpacity": 0.7,
"useAcrylic": true,
"background": "#242425"
},
"list": [
{
"commandline": "powershell.exe",
"guid": "{61c54bbd-c2c6-5271-96e7-009a87ff44bf}",
"hidden": false,
"name": "Windows PowerShell"
},
{
"commandline": "cmd.exe",
"guid": "{0caa0dad-35be-5f56-a8ff-afceeeaa6101}",
"hidden": false,
"name": "\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26"
},
{
"guid": "{b453ae62-4e3d-5e58-b989-0a998ec441b8}",
"hidden": false,
"name": "Azure Cloud Shell",
"source": "Windows.Terminal.Azure"
}
]
},
"schemes": [
{
"background": "#262A33",
"black": "#000000",
"blue": "#2472C8",
"brightBlack": "#666666",
"brightBlue": "#2472C8",
"brightCyan": "#0FA8CD",
"brightGreen": "#05BC79",
"brightPurple": "#BC3FBC",
"brightRed": "#CD3131",
"brightWhite": "#E5E5E5",
"brightYellow": "#09DA0F",
"cursorColor": "#FFFFFF",
"cyan": "#0FA8CD",
"foreground": "#E5E5E5",
"green": "#05BC79",
"name": "Andromeda",
"purple": "#BC3FBC",
"red": "#CD3131",
"selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
"white": "#E5E5E5",
"yellow": "#09DA0F"
},
{
"background": "#0A0E14",
"black": "#01060E",
"blue": "#53BDFA",
"brightBlack": "#686868",
"brightBlue": "#59C2FF",
"brightCyan": "#95E6CB",
"brightGreen": "#C2D94C",
"brightPurple": "#FFEE99",
"brightRed": "#F07178",
"brightWhite": "#FFFFFF",
"brightYellow": "#FFB454",
"cursorColor": "#FFFFFF",
"cyan": "#90E1C6",
"foreground": "#B3B1AD",
"green": "#91B362",
"name": "Ayu Dark",
"purple": "#FAE994",
"red": "#EA6C73",
"selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
"white": "#C7C7C7",
"yellow": "#F9AF4F"
},
{
"background": "#FAFAFA",
"black": "#000000",
"blue": "#3199E1",
"brightBlack": "#686868",
"brightBlue": "#399EE6",
"brightCyan": "#4CBF99",
"brightGreen": "#86B300",
"brightPurple": "#A37ACC",
"brightRed": "#F07171",
"brightWhite": "#D1D1D1",
"brightYellow": "#F2AE49",
"cursorColor": "#FFFFFF",
"cyan": "#46BA94",
"foreground": "#6C7680",
"green": "#99BF4D",
"name": "Ayu Light",
"purple": "#9E75C7",
"red": "#EA6C6D",
"selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
"white": "#C7C7C7",
"yellow": "#ECA944"
},
{
"background": "#1F2430",
"black": "#191E2A",
"blue": "#6DCBFA",
"brightBlack": "#686868",
"brightBlue": "#73D0FF",
"brightCyan": "#95E6CB",
"brightGreen": "#BAE67E",
"brightPurple": "#D4BFFF",
"brightRed": "#F28779",
"brightWhite": "#FFFFFF",
"brightYellow": "#FFD580",
"cursorColor": "#FFFFFF",
"cyan": "#90E1C6",
"foreground": "#CBCCC6",
"green": "#A6CC70",
"name": "Ayu Mirage",
"purple": "#CFBAFA",
"red": "#ED8274",
"selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
"white": "#C7C7C7",
"yellow": "#FAD07B"
},
{
"background": "#0C0C0C",
"black": "#0C0C0C",
"blue": "#0037DA",
"brightBlack": "#767676",
"brightBlue": "#3B78FF",
"brightCyan": "#61D6D6",
"brightGreen": "#16C60C",
"brightPurple": "#B4009E",
"brightRed": "#E74856",
"brightWhite": "#F2F2F2",
"brightYellow": "#F9F1A5",
"cursorColor": "#FFFFFF",
"cyan": "#3A96DD",
"foreground": "#F2F2F2",
"green": "#13A10E",
"name": "Campbell",
"purple": "#881798",
"red": "#C50F1F",
"selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
"white": "#CCCCCC",
"yellow": "#C19C00"
},
{
"background": "#012456",
"black": "#0C0C0C",
"blue": "#0037DA",
"brightBlack": "#767676",
"brightBlue": "#3B78FF",
"brightCyan": "#61D6D6",
"brightGreen": "#16C60C",
"brightPurple": "#B4009E",
"brightRed": "#E74856",
"brightWhite": "#F2F2F2",
"brightYellow": "#F9F1A5",
"cursorColor": "#FFFFFF",
"cyan": "#3A96DD",
"foreground": "#CCCCCC",
"green": "#13A10E",
"name": "Campbell Powershell",
"purple": "#881798",
"red": "#C50F1F",
"selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
"white": "#CCCCCC",
"yellow": "#C19C00"
},
{
"background": "#282C34",
"black": "#282C34",
"blue": "#61AFEF",
"brightBlack": "#5A6374",
"brightBlue": "#61AFEF",
"brightCyan": "#56B6C2",
"brightGreen": "#98C379",
"brightPurple": "#C678DD",
"brightRed": "#E06C75",
"brightWhite": "#DCDFE4",
"brightYellow": "#E5C07B",
"cursorColor": "#FFFFFF",
"cyan": "#56B6C2",
"foreground": "#DCDFE4",
"green": "#98C379",
"name": "One Half Dark",
"purple": "#C678DD",
"red": "#E06C75",
"selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
"white": "#DCDFE4",
"yellow": "#E5C07B"
},
{
"background": "#FAFAFA",
"black": "#383A42",
"blue": "#0184BC",
"brightBlack": "#4F525D",
"brightBlue": "#61AFEF",
"brightCyan": "#56B5C1",
"brightGreen": "#98C379",
"brightPurple": "#C577DD",
"brightRed": "#DF6C75",
"brightWhite": "#FFFFFF",
"brightYellow": "#E4C07A",
"cursorColor": "#4F525D",
"cyan": "#0997B3",
"foreground": "#383A42",
"green": "#50A14F",
"name": "One Half Light",
"purple": "#A626A4",
"red": "#E45649",
"selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
"white": "#FAFAFA",
"yellow": "#C18301"
},
{
"background": "#073642",
"black": "#002B36",
"blue": "#268BD2",
"brightBlack": "#073642",
"brightBlue": "#839496",
"brightCyan": "#93A1A1",
"brightGreen": "#586E75",
"brightPurple": "#6C71C4",
"brightRed": "#CB4B16",
"brightWhite": "#FDF6E3",
"brightYellow": "#657B83",
"cursorColor": "#FFFFFF",
"cyan": "#2AA198",
"foreground": "#FDF6E3",
"green": "#859900",
"name": "Solarized Dark",
"purple": "#D33682",
"red": "#DC322F",
"selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
"white": "#EEE8D5",
"yellow": "#B58900"
},
{
"background": "#FDF6E3",
"black": "#002B36",
"blue": "#268BD2",
"brightBlack": "#073642",
"brightBlue": "#839496",
"brightCyan": "#93A1A1",
"brightGreen": "#586E75",
"brightPurple": "#6C71C4",
"brightRed": "#CB4B16",
"brightWhite": "#FDF6E3",
"brightYellow": "#657B83",
"cursorColor": "#002B36",
"cyan": "#2AA198",
"foreground": "#657B83",
"green": "#859900",
"name": "Solarized Light",
"purple": "#D33682",
"red": "#DC322F",
"selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
"white": "#EEE8D5",
"yellow": "#B58900"
},
{
"background": "#000000",
"black": "#000000",
"blue": "#3465A4",
"brightBlack": "#555753",
"brightBlue": "#729FCF",
"brightCyan": "#34E2E2",
"brightGreen": "#8AE234",
"brightPurple": "#AD7FA8",
"brightRed": "#EF2929",
"brightWhite": "#EEEEEC",
"brightYellow": "#FCE94F",
"cursorColor": "#FFFFFF",
"cyan": "#06989A",
"foreground": "#D3D7CF",
"green": "#4E9A06",
"name": "Tango Dark",
"purple": "#75507B",
"red": "#CC0000",
"selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
"white": "#D3D7CF",
"yellow": "#C4A000"
},
{
"background": "#FFFFFF",
"black": "#000000",
"blue": "#3465A4",
"brightBlack": "#555753",
"brightBlue": "#729FCF",
"brightCyan": "#34E2E2",
"brightGreen": "#8AE234",
"brightPurple": "#AD7FA8",
"brightRed": "#EF2929",
"brightWhite": "#EEEEEC",
"brightYellow": "#FCE94F",
"cursorColor": "#000000",
"cyan": "#06989A",
"foreground": "#555753",
"green": "#4E9A06",
"name": "Tango Light",
"purple": "#75507B",
"red": "#CC0000",
"selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
"white": "#D3D7CF",
"yellow": "#C4A000"
},
{
"background": "#000000",
"black": "#000000",
"blue": "#000080",
"brightBlack": "#808080",
"brightBlue": "#0000FF",
"brightCyan": "#00FFFF",
"brightGreen": "#00FF00",
"brightPurple": "#FF00FF",
"brightRed": "#FF0000",
"brightWhite": "#FFFFFF",
"brightYellow": "#FFFF00",
"cursorColor": "#FFFFFF",
"cyan": "#008080",
"foreground": "#C0C0C0",
"green": "#008000",
"name": "Vintage",
"purple": "#800080",
"red": "#800000",
"selectionBackground": "#FFFFFF",
"white": "#C0C0C0",
"yellow": "#808000"
}
]
}
0x3 官方更多配色
https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/windows/terminal/customize-settings/color-schemes
添加 Windows Terminal 到右鍵
現在好像會自動添加到右鍵了。
<img src="https://image.yoouu.cn/2020/win10-terminal/right-menu.png" alt="right-menu" style="zoom:50%;" />
0x1 下載圖標
下載地址：icon，放到 C:\Users\[user_name]\AppData\Local\terminal，沒有這個文件夾新建一個。
注意：[user_name] 是你自己電腦的用戶名
0x2 寫入注冊表
創建一個txt文檔，并把檔后綴改為 reg。文檔的名字可自己創建，后綴名不可以錯。右鍵菜單出現 Windows Terminal 有兩種方法。一種是按shift+ 右鍵,另一種是直接右鍵。
shift + 右鍵
把下面的內容復制到reg去
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\Background\shell\wt]
@="Windows Terminal"
"Icon"="%USERPROFILE%\\AppData\\Local\\terminal\\wt_32.ico"
"Extended"=""
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\Background\shell\wt\command]
@="C:\\Users\\[user_name]\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\WindowsApps\\wt.exe"
注意：請把 [user_name] 改成自己電腦的用戶名
右鍵
把下面的內容復制到reg去
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\Background\shell\wt]
@="Windows terminal here"
"Icon"="%USERPROFILE%\\AppData\\Local\\terminal\\wt_32.ico"
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\Background\shell\wt\command]
@="C:\\Users\\[user_name]\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\WindowsApps\\wt.exe"
注意：請把 [user_name] 改成自己電腦的用戶名
0x3 修改 Windows Terminal 的 settings.json
把 profiles > list > startingDirectory 改為 null，沒有的自己創建一個。
可以選擇的改你需要的。（我都改了）
這個是修改右鍵啟動路徑為當前運行命令的路徑。
配置vscode 取消logo
加入下面這個在啟動的時候就不會有logo打印了，就是諸如 加載個人文件花費了多少毫秒的提示
"terminal.integrated.shellArgs.windows": ["-NoLogo", "-NoExit", "-Command", "& { Write-Host }"]
0x7 結語
平時工作中命令行 git 命令用的比較多，安裝了擴展，輸入命令可以按 Tab 來自動補全方便了很多。
Windows 下的命令行還有很多的玩法，比如支持 Linux 命令的 MSYS2，集成了 pacman。 可以參考 Win10終端神器——Windows Terminal 與 MSYS2 MinGW64 集成記 進行安裝。
0x8 參考鏈接
- 推薦一款 顏值爆表的主題終端 (windows ), by iwhao_top
- 添加Windows Terminal到鼠標右鍵菜單，by Jerry
- PowerShell 美化指南 by 小馬哥
- Windows Terminal 完美配置 PowerShell 7.1 by littleNewton
關于我
SunSeekerX，前端開發、Nodejs開發、小程序、uni-app開發、等等
喜歡探討技術實現方案和細節，完美主義者，見不得bug。
Github：https://github.com/SunSeekerX
個人博客：https://yoouu.cn/
個人在線筆記：https://sunseekerx.yoouu.cn/
