18中考英語(yǔ)易錯(cuò)知識(shí)點(diǎn)專練：連詞（含答案和解析）

2017-09-04 提成績(jī)，? 初中英語(yǔ)

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連詞除了用于連接單詞與單詞、短語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)，還主要用于并列句和主從復(fù)合句，初中階段，關(guān)于從句，我們主要學(xué)習(xí)狀語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句。今天我們就一起來(lái)看看中考英語(yǔ)是怎樣對(duì)連詞進(jìn)行考查的以及易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)在哪里！

易錯(cuò)知識(shí)點(diǎn)清單

1. as,while,when

as用作連詞時(shí),含義比較多：

A)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

(1)用“as soon as”結(jié)構(gòu),意思是“一……就”。例如:

Please e-mail me as soon as you get there.

請(qǐng)你一到那里就給我發(fā)電子郵件。

I'll tell him the news as soon as he comes back.

他一回來(lái)我就把這個(gè)消息告訴他。

(2)作“與……同時(shí)、一邊……一邊、當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”講時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)主從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,而從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。例如:

He read the letter as he walked along the river.

他一邊沿著河邊走,一邊讀信。

As I waited at the stop, I heard a big noise.

我在車站候車的時(shí)候,聽(tīng)到了一聲巨響。

B)引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句。用于“as...as”結(jié)構(gòu)中,第一個(gè)as是副詞,第二個(gè)as是連詞。否定句用not as/so...as結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:

He sings as well as his brother.他唱歌和哥哥一樣好。

Canoeing is not as/so interesting as sailing.

劃獨(dú)木舟沒(méi)有航海有趣。

C)引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。表示明顯的原因,意思是“由于、鑒于”。例如:

We all like her as she is kind.我們都喜歡她,因?yàn)樗屏肌?/p>

As you're tired, you'd better have a rest.因?yàn)槟闫?你最好休息一下。

D)引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“按照、如同”。如:

I have changed it as you suggested.

我已經(jīng)按照你的建議修改了。

As two is to three,four is to six.

四比六等于二比三。

含有as的短語(yǔ)和固定搭配常見(jiàn)的有:

(1)as well as也　

(2)as if好像

(3)the same as 和……一樣

(4)such as例如　

(5)as...as possible盡可能......　

(6)so as to為了、以便

(7)as soon as 一……就......　

(8)as a matter of fact事實(shí)上/實(shí)際上

(9)as for至于　

(10)as well也

(11)not only...but also...不但……而且

(12)both...and...既……又……

as用作介詞,意為“如同、作為、當(dāng)作”,與介詞like不同,as表示某人/物看起來(lái)完全一樣或幾乎相同,而like表示相似關(guān)系,但不等同。如:

Don't have him as a servant.不要把他看作仆人。

He works as a servant.他以仆人的身份工作著。

試比較:He works like a servant.他像仆人一樣工作。(實(shí)際上不是。)

as作“作為”講時(shí),相當(dāng)于being。如:

As a student,it's bad manners to be late for class.作為學(xué)生,遲到是不禮貌的。(=Being a student,it's bad manners to be late for class.)

as常與動(dòng)詞連用,構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)或固定搭配如:look upon...as把……看作;regard...as把……認(rèn)為是/把……看作;act as擔(dān)任、充當(dāng)?shù)取?br>

as用作副詞,意思是“同樣地”,通常用來(lái)修飾副詞或形容詞。如:

He works hard,but I study just as hard.

他努力學(xué)習(xí),我學(xué)習(xí)也一樣努力。

Their shool is as beautiful as ours.

他們的學(xué)校和我們的學(xué)校一樣美麗。

when用作連詞,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”。如:

She wants to be a scientist when she grows up.

她長(zhǎng)大后想當(dāng)科學(xué)家。

When the game began,I was waiting for a taxi.

當(dāng)比賽開(kāi)始時(shí),我在等出租車。

when可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,后面跟陳述句語(yǔ)序,意思是“什么時(shí)候、何時(shí)”。如:

Please tell me when you came here.

請(qǐng)告訴我你是什么時(shí)候到的。

He asked when the game would start.

他問(wèn)比賽什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始。

when用作疑問(wèn)副詞,意為“什么時(shí)候、何時(shí)”,引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句,可以問(wèn)時(shí)間點(diǎn),也可以問(wèn)時(shí)間段。如:

—When do you usually go to school every day?

——你每天通常什么時(shí)候上學(xué)?

—At six o'clock.

——六點(diǎn)鐘。

—When will he be back?

——他什么時(shí)候回來(lái)?

—In a week.

——一個(gè)星期以后。

—When were you born?

——你是什么時(shí)候出生的?

—I was born in 1995.

——我出生在1995年。

while用作連詞時(shí),意為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候、和……同時(shí)”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,從句只能指時(shí)間段,不能指時(shí)間點(diǎn),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞。如:

Strike while the iron is hot.趁熱打鐵。

Somebody broke into the house while we were out.

我們外出時(shí)有人破門而入。

while用作連詞時(shí),引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“雖然、盡管”。如:

While I admit his good points,I can see his shortcomings.

盡管我承認(rèn)他的優(yōu)點(diǎn),我還是看到他的缺點(diǎn)了。

while用作名詞,意思是“一會(huì)兒、一段時(shí)間”。如:

Please wait a while.請(qǐng)稍等。

I haven't seen him for a long while.我好久沒(méi)有看到他了。

2. because,since,as,for

because表示理由或直接原因,意思是“因?yàn)椤?語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)。引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),常用于句子中間,位于句首時(shí),要用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。單獨(dú)成句時(shí),通常用來(lái)回答why所提出的問(wèn)題。例如:

I like my parrot because it can sing.

因?yàn)辂W鵡會(huì)唱歌,所以我喜歡它。

Pandas are my favorite animals because they're very cute.

因?yàn)樾茇埡芸蓯?ài),所以它們是我最喜愛(ài)的動(dòng)物。

—Why do you like giraffes?

—Because they are very interesting.

——你為什么喜歡長(zhǎng)頸鹿?

——因?yàn)樗鼈兒苡腥ぁ?br>

because表示理由/原因時(shí),不能與so直接連用。漢語(yǔ)中,表示因果關(guān)系時(shí)要用“因?yàn)椤浴?而英語(yǔ)中,用because就不用so,用so就不用because。試比較:

Nick caught a bad cold yesterday,so he had to stay at home.

Because Nick caught a bad cold yesterday,he had to stay at home.尼克昨天得了重感冒,因此他不得不待在家里。

because可以與of連用,構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)because of,之后跟名詞、代詞、詞組或短語(yǔ)表示理由/原因。如:

He has poor eyesight because of doing lots of computer work.

由于做大量的電腦工作,他的視力差。

The match was put off because of the bad weather.

比賽由于天氣不好被推遲了。

since表達(dá)明顯的或已知的理由,意為“既然”。since引導(dǎo)的從句常用于句首,語(yǔ)氣不如because,但是比as語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)。引導(dǎo)的從句位于句子末尾時(shí),可以作為補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。如:

Since everybody is here,let's begin.

既然大家都到了,那我們就開(kāi)始吧。

Since you don't want to go there,I won't force you to.

既然你不想去,我也不勉強(qiáng)你。

I'll go to ask someone else,since you have no time.

既然你沒(méi)有時(shí)間,我就去找別人。

as表示理由時(shí),意為“由于”,引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),主、從句并重,從句說(shuō)明原因,主句說(shuō)明結(jié)果,相當(dāng)于since,但是語(yǔ)氣不如since。如:

As it was late,I left in a hurry.

因?yàn)樘焐淹?我就匆忙離開(kāi)了。

As I'm very busy,I can't go with you.

我很忙,所以不能和你一起去。

for是并列連詞,表明附加或推斷的理由,常用于口語(yǔ)中,意為“因?yàn)椤薄or連接的句子不用于句首,并列句之間可以用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。如:

I must be away for a week,for I'll go to Shanghai.

我要離開(kāi)一個(gè)星期,因?yàn)槲乙ド虾！?/p>

He must be at home,for the light in the room is on.

他一定在家,因?yàn)榉块g里的燈亮著。

I'm late for class for I got up late.

我上學(xué)遲到是因?yàn)槲移鸫策t了。

3. so...that,such...that

so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”, so是副詞,后面跟形容詞或副詞,that后面跟句子表示結(jié)果,常見(jiàn)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)有下面四種:

A. so+形容詞+that從句

The novel is so popular that it ran into two editions in a year.

這本小說(shuō)是那么受歡迎,一年內(nèi)就出了兩版。

She was so surprised that she just stood there.

她是如此吃驚,就呆呆地站在那里。

B. so+副詞+that從句

He drove so fast that he found it difficult to stop at the red light.他開(kāi)車那么快,發(fā)現(xiàn)紅燈時(shí)已無(wú)法剎車了。

His friends were walking so slowly that he began to feel bored.他的朋友走得那么慢,他開(kāi)始感到厭倦。

C. so+形容詞+a+單數(shù)名詞+that從句

It is so heavy a stone that I can't lift it.

這么重的一塊石頭,我舉不起來(lái)。

It is so lovely a day that I'd like to go swimming.

如此好的天氣,我想去游泳。

D. so+many/much/(a) few/(a) little+名詞+that從句

He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.

他摔了那么多跤,以致渾身青一塊、紫一塊。

so...that...可以與以下結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換：

A. 與too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換

too...to...意為“太……以至于不能……”,與so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)互換時(shí),that從句中必須使用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can't(如果是過(guò)去時(shí)則用couldn't)。如:

He was so clever that he couldn't make such stupid mistakes. → He was too clever to make such stupid mistakes.他太聰明了,不會(huì)犯這么愚蠢的錯(cuò)誤。

溫馨提示:如果主從句的主語(yǔ)不一致,改為同義句時(shí),要用too...for sb. to...結(jié)構(gòu)。如:

That question is so difficult that I can't work it out. →That question is too difficult for me to work out.這個(gè)問(wèn)題太難,我算不出來(lái)。

B. 與enough to do/not enough to do結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換

a)與enough to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換。

enough to do sth.意為“……足夠做某事”,與so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí),that從句中必須使用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can。如:

You are so healthy that you can get back to school. → You are healthy enough to get back to school.你身體健康,可以回學(xué)校去了。

b)與not...enough to do結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換。

not...enough to do意為“沒(méi)到做某事的……”,與so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí),that從句中必須使用含有否定意義的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。enough前面的形容詞是so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)中so后面形容詞的反義詞。如:

The boy is so young that he can't dress himself. →The boy is not old enough to dress himself.

這個(gè)孩子還沒(méi)到自己穿衣服的年齡。

He is so impatient that he can't wait. → He is not patient enough to wait.他沒(méi)有足夠的耐心等待。

提分策略

連詞的考查在近幾年的中考題中出現(xiàn)率較高,測(cè)試內(nèi)容涉及并列連詞的用法、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句等。遇到有關(guān)連詞的單項(xiàng)選擇題時(shí),考生需注意下面的問(wèn)題:

1. 簡(jiǎn)單連詞的選擇

首先找出連詞在句中是連接詞與詞、短語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)還是連接句子與句子,以此來(lái)確定用并列連詞還是從屬連詞。如果選擇并列連詞,應(yīng)該根據(jù)具體的語(yǔ)境,通過(guò)句意來(lái)確定應(yīng)該用表示平行或承接關(guān)系的連詞、選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞還是表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞。

【例1】(2014·北京·24)I'd like to go with you,　　　　 I'm too busy.

A. or B. and C. so D. but

【解析】　考查連詞的用法。由后一句中的“too busy”判斷,應(yīng)該用but來(lái)連接,表示轉(zhuǎn)折,不是選擇、遞進(jìn)或因果。 故選D。

【答案】　D

【例2】(2014·江西·30)　　　　 jeans were invented over 100 years ago,they're still in fashion today.

A. Because B. If

C. Although D. Since

【解析】　考查連詞的用法。 由句子關(guān)系和句意“100多年前發(fā)明牛仔褲,現(xiàn)在仍然時(shí)髦”判斷,該句是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。故選C。

【答案】　C

2. 復(fù)合連詞和短語(yǔ)連詞的選擇。

復(fù)合連詞和短語(yǔ)連詞可以引導(dǎo)并列句和各種不同的復(fù)合句。常見(jiàn)的有:both...and...;either...or...;neither...nor...;as well;not only...but also;as soon as

【例】(2013·內(nèi)蒙古包頭·32)One important aim of our school is to prepare us for the future 　　　　we can face all the challenges with confidence.

A. so far B. so that

C. even if D. if only

【解析】　考查短語(yǔ)連詞的辨析。so far到目前為止;so that以至于;even if即使;if only如果;由句意“我們學(xué)校的一個(gè)重要目標(biāo)是為我們的將來(lái)做準(zhǔn)備以至于我們能夠有信心面對(duì)各種挑戰(zhàn)”判斷,該句是因果關(guān)系,應(yīng)該用短語(yǔ)連詞so that來(lái)連接。故選B。

【答案】B

3. 從屬連詞的選擇

如果需要選擇從屬連詞,應(yīng)該根據(jù)主句與從句之間的關(guān)系確定是賓語(yǔ)從句還是狀語(yǔ)從句。如果是狀語(yǔ)從句,還要根據(jù)句意分析,從句是表示時(shí)間、條件、原因還是結(jié)果等。 然后確定所需的連詞。

【例1】(2014·河南·34)He's not a perfect child. He sometimes talks back 　　　　his parents talks with him.

A. if B. before

C. when D. until

【解析】　考查連詞的用法。由句意“他不是個(gè)完美的孩子,他父母和他談話時(shí),他有時(shí)頂嘴”和句子之間的關(guān)系判斷,該句是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,不是條件狀語(yǔ)從句。因?yàn)橹骶浜蛷木涞膭?dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,不是前后發(fā)生的或“直到……為止”。故選 C。

【答案】C

【例2】(2013·浙江義烏·19)I'll probably stay with my friends 　　　　I get my own place to live in.

A. before B. when

C. after D. because

【解析】　考查連詞的用法。這是一個(gè)含有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。A項(xiàng)表示“在……以前”,B項(xiàng)表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”,C項(xiàng)表示“在……之后”,D項(xiàng)表示“因?yàn)椤薄８鶕?jù)句意:“在我有自己的房子之前,我很可能和我的朋友們住在一起”,可知本題選A。

【答案】A

專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

1. (2014·江蘇鹽城· 13)—Mum,I want some pocket money.

—Well. I won't give it to you 　　　　you wash your clothes.

A. if B. unless C. while D. though

2. (2014·山東德州·24)　　　　 the car's old,it still runs well.

A. Because B. So C. Although D. But

3. (2014·江蘇泰州 ·10)He is very glad and keeps smiling,　　　　 he has already known the good news.

A. as if B. even though C. even if D. so that

4. (2014·內(nèi)蒙古赤峰·32)—Do you know 　　　the girl in blue is?

—I'm not sure. May be a teacher.

A. whose? B. how C. what D. which

5. (2014· 江蘇揚(yáng)州·11)—Why were you late for school again this morning?

—I was about to go shopping 　　　　it began to rain.

A. while? B. as C. when D. though

6. (2014 ·江蘇東臺(tái)·14)You can save money 　　　　you buy cheaper things.

A. before B. unless C. if D. until

7. (2013·天津)Help others whenever you can 　　　　you'll make the world a nicer place to live in.

A. or B. and C. but D. so

8. (2013·安徽)—How was your climbing Mount Huang?

—I didn't believe I could do it 　　　　I got to the top.

A. until B. while C. after D. though

9. (2013·江蘇蘇州)Cross the road carefully,　　　　 you'll keep yourself safe.

A. so B. or C. but D. and

10. (2013·上海靜安)Which mobile phone would you like to buy,an HTC 　　　　an iPhone 5?

A. and B. so C. but D. or

11. (2013·山西)Wang Dong didn't go to school yesterday 　　　　he was ill.

A. so B. if C. because

12. (2013·河南安陽(yáng))Hurry up,　　　　 you will miss the train.

A. and B. so C. or D. but

13. (2013·云南)　　　　 we don't save water,we will have no water to drink one day.

A. Where B. When C. Although D. If

14. (2013·浙江杭州)We will be punished 　　　we break the law.

A. until B. if C. unless D. though

【答案與解析】

1. B　解析:考查連詞辨析用法。該句是條件狀語(yǔ)從句,所以排除C、D兩項(xiàng)。因?yàn)橹骶涫欠穸ńY(jié)構(gòu),從句也要否定結(jié)構(gòu),雙重否定表示肯定。故選B。

2. C　解析:考查連詞辨析用法。Because因?yàn)?So因此;Although雖然;But但是。該句是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,應(yīng)該用although來(lái)連接。故選C。

3. A　解析:考查短語(yǔ)連詞辨析用法。as if好像;even though雖然;even if即使;so that以便;結(jié)果。句意:他非常高興,一直在笑著,仿佛他已經(jīng)知道這個(gè)好消息了。故選A。

4. C　解析:考查連詞辨析用法。該句是賓語(yǔ)從句,whose是所有格,之后要跟名詞;how是詢問(wèn)怎么樣;what是詢問(wèn)干什么、是什么;which是詢問(wèn)哪一個(gè)。疑問(wèn)句是詢問(wèn)女孩是干什么的,所以排除A、B、D三項(xiàng)。故選C。

5. C　解析:考查連詞辨析用法。while 和……同時(shí);as一邊;when當(dāng)……的時(shí)候;這時(shí);though雖然。從句是并列句,所以排除A、B、D三項(xiàng)。故選C。

6. C　解析:考查連詞辨析用法。before 在……之前;unless如果不;if如果;until直到……。該句是條件狀語(yǔ)從句,不是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,所以排除A、D兩項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)含否定意義,也不符合題意。故選C。

7. B　解析:考查連詞用法。根據(jù)題意“無(wú)論什么時(shí)候,盡你所能幫助別人,你會(huì)讓這個(gè)世界變得更美好。”等同于肯定意義的條件句。相當(dāng)于結(jié)構(gòu)“祈使句+and+將來(lái)時(shí)”,故選B。

8. A　解析:考查連詞用法。not...until...直到……才……。根據(jù)句意“直到我爬到山頂我才相信我能做到”可知選A。

9. D　解析:考查連詞辨析。so因此;or否則;but表示轉(zhuǎn)折;and理解為“那么”,用于表示并列。根據(jù)題意“小心穿越馬路,能保證自己安全”可知用and連接。

10. D　解析:考查連詞用法。which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句是選擇疑問(wèn)句,選擇項(xiàng)用or連接。

11. C　解析:考查連詞用法。上句是“王東沒(méi)有去上學(xué),”下句是“他生病了”,顯然后者是前者的原因,因此用because。

12. C　解析:考查并列連詞用法。句意:快點(diǎn),否則你會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)火車的。or有“否則”的意思。因此答案選C。

13. D　解析:考查連詞用法。句意:如果我們不節(jié)約用水,有一天我們將會(huì)沒(méi)有水喝的。If “如果”引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。

14. B　解析:考查連詞用法。“違反法律和受到懲罰”存在一種假設(shè),故用if引導(dǎo),句意:如果我們違反了法律,就會(huì)受到懲罰。18中考英語(yǔ)易錯(cuò)知識(shí)點(diǎn)專練：連詞（含答案和解析）

2017-09-04 提成績(jī)，? 初中英語(yǔ)

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連詞除了用于連接單詞與單詞、短語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)，還主要用于并列句和主從復(fù)合句，初中階段，關(guān)于從句，我們主要學(xué)習(xí)狀語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句。今天我們就一起來(lái)看看中考英語(yǔ)是怎樣對(duì)連詞進(jìn)行考查的以及易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)在哪里！

易錯(cuò)知識(shí)點(diǎn)清單

1. as,while,when

as用作連詞時(shí),含義比較多：

A)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

(1)用“as soon as”結(jié)構(gòu),意思是“一……就”。例如:

Please e-mail me as soon as you get there.

請(qǐng)你一到那里就給我發(fā)電子郵件。

I'll tell him the news as soon as he comes back.

他一回來(lái)我就把這個(gè)消息告訴他。

(2)作“與……同時(shí)、一邊……一邊、當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”講時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)主從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,而從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。例如:

He read the letter as he walked along the river.

他一邊沿著河邊走,一邊讀信。

As I waited at the stop, I heard a big noise.

我在車站候車的時(shí)候,聽(tīng)到了一聲巨響。

B)引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句。用于“as...as”結(jié)構(gòu)中,第一個(gè)as是副詞,第二個(gè)as是連詞。否定句用not as/so...as結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:

He sings as well as his brother.他唱歌和哥哥一樣好。

Canoeing is not as/so interesting as sailing.

劃獨(dú)木舟沒(méi)有航海有趣。

C)引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。表示明顯的原因,意思是“由于、鑒于”。例如:

We all like her as she is kind.我們都喜歡她,因?yàn)樗屏肌?/p>

As you're tired, you'd better have a rest.因?yàn)槟闫?你最好休息一下。

D)引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“按照、如同”。如:

I have changed it as you suggested.

我已經(jīng)按照你的建議修改了。

As two is to three,four is to six.

四比六等于二比三。

含有as的短語(yǔ)和固定搭配常見(jiàn)的有:

(1)as well as也　

(2)as if好像

(3)the same as 和……一樣

(4)such as例如　

(5)as...as possible盡可能......　

(6)so as to為了、以便

(7)as soon as 一……就......　

(8)as a matter of fact事實(shí)上/實(shí)際上

(9)as for至于　

(10)as well也

(11)not only...but also...不但……而且

(12)both...and...既……又……

as用作介詞,意為“如同、作為、當(dāng)作”,與介詞like不同,as表示某人/物看起來(lái)完全一樣或幾乎相同,而like表示相似關(guān)系,但不等同。如:

Don't have him as a servant.不要把他看作仆人。

He works as a servant.他以仆人的身份工作著。

試比較:He works like a servant.他像仆人一樣工作。(實(shí)際上不是。)

as作“作為”講時(shí),相當(dāng)于being。如:

As a student,it's bad manners to be late for class.作為學(xué)生,遲到是不禮貌的。(=Being a student,it's bad manners to be late for class.)

as常與動(dòng)詞連用,構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)或固定搭配如:look upon...as把……看作;regard...as把……認(rèn)為是/把……看作;act as擔(dān)任、充當(dāng)?shù)取?/p>

as用作副詞,意思是“同樣地”,通常用來(lái)修飾副詞或形容詞。如:

He works hard,but I study just as hard.

他努力學(xué)習(xí),我學(xué)習(xí)也一樣努力。

Their shool is as beautiful as ours.

他們的學(xué)校和我們的學(xué)校一樣美麗。

when用作連詞,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”。如:

She wants to be a scientist when she grows up.

她長(zhǎng)大后想當(dāng)科學(xué)家。

When the game began,I was waiting for a taxi.

當(dāng)比賽開(kāi)始時(shí),我在等出租車。

when可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,后面跟陳述句語(yǔ)序,意思是“什么時(shí)候、何時(shí)”。如:

Please tell me when you came here.

請(qǐng)告訴我你是什么時(shí)候到的。

He asked when the game would start.

他問(wèn)比賽什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始。

when用作疑問(wèn)副詞,意為“什么時(shí)候、何時(shí)”,引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句,可以問(wèn)時(shí)間點(diǎn),也可以問(wèn)時(shí)間段。如:

—When do you usually go to school every day?

——你每天通常什么時(shí)候上學(xué)?

—At six o'clock.

——六點(diǎn)鐘。

—When will he be back?

——他什么時(shí)候回來(lái)?

—In a week.

——一個(gè)星期以后。

—When were you born?

——你是什么時(shí)候出生的?

—I was born in 1995.

——我出生在1995年。

while用作連詞時(shí),意為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候、和……同時(shí)”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,從句只能指時(shí)間段,不能指時(shí)間點(diǎn),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞。如:

Strike while the iron is hot.趁熱打鐵。

Somebody broke into the house while we were out.

我們外出時(shí)有人破門而入。

while用作連詞時(shí),引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“雖然、盡管”。如:

While I admit his good points,I can see his shortcomings.

盡管我承認(rèn)他的優(yōu)點(diǎn),我還是看到他的缺點(diǎn)了。

while用作名詞,意思是“一會(huì)兒、一段時(shí)間”。如:

Please wait a while.請(qǐng)稍等。

I haven't seen him for a long while.我好久沒(méi)有看到他了。

2. because,since,as,for

because表示理由或直接原因,意思是“因?yàn)椤?語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)。引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),常用于句子中間,位于句首時(shí),要用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。單獨(dú)成句時(shí),通常用來(lái)回答why所提出的問(wèn)題。例如:

I like my parrot because it can sing.

因?yàn)辂W鵡會(huì)唱歌,所以我喜歡它。

Pandas are my favorite animals because they're very cute.

因?yàn)樾茇埡芸蓯?ài),所以它們是我最喜愛(ài)的動(dòng)物。

—Why do you like giraffes?

—Because they are very interesting.

——你為什么喜歡長(zhǎng)頸鹿?

——因?yàn)樗鼈兒苡腥ぁ?/p>

because表示理由/原因時(shí),不能與so直接連用。漢語(yǔ)中,表示因果關(guān)系時(shí)要用“因?yàn)椤浴?而英語(yǔ)中,用because就不用so,用so就不用because。試比較:

Nick caught a bad cold yesterday,so he had to stay at home.

Because Nick caught a bad cold yesterday,he had to stay at home.尼克昨天得了重感冒,因此他不得不待在家里。

because可以與of連用,構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)because of,之后跟名詞、代詞、詞組或短語(yǔ)表示理由/原因。如:

He has poor eyesight because of doing lots of computer work.

由于做大量的電腦工作,他的視力差。

The match was put off because of the bad weather.

比賽由于天氣不好被推遲了。

since表達(dá)明顯的或已知的理由,意為“既然”。since引導(dǎo)的從句常用于句首,語(yǔ)氣不如because,但是比as語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)。引導(dǎo)的從句位于句子末尾時(shí),可以作為補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。如:

Since everybody is here,let's begin.

既然大家都到了,那我們就開(kāi)始吧。

Since you don't want to go there,I won't force you to.

既然你不想去,我也不勉強(qiáng)你。

I'll go to ask someone else,since you have no time.

既然你沒(méi)有時(shí)間,我就去找別人。

as表示理由時(shí),意為“由于”,引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),主、從句并重,從句說(shuō)明原因,主句說(shuō)明結(jié)果,相當(dāng)于since,但是語(yǔ)氣不如since。如:

As it was late,I left in a hurry.

因?yàn)樘焐淹?我就匆忙離開(kāi)了。

As I'm very busy,I can't go with you.

我很忙,所以不能和你一起去。

for是并列連詞,表明附加或推斷的理由,常用于口語(yǔ)中,意為“因?yàn)椤薄or連接的句子不用于句首,并列句之間可以用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。如:

I must be away for a week,for I'll go to Shanghai.

我要離開(kāi)一個(gè)星期,因?yàn)槲乙ド虾！?/p>

He must be at home,for the light in the room is on.

他一定在家,因?yàn)榉块g里的燈亮著。

I'm late for class for I got up late.

我上學(xué)遲到是因?yàn)槲移鸫策t了。

3. so...that,such...that

so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”, so是副詞,后面跟形容詞或副詞,that后面跟句子表示結(jié)果,常見(jiàn)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)有下面四種:

A. so+形容詞+that從句

The novel is so popular that it ran into two editions in a year.

這本小說(shuō)是那么受歡迎,一年內(nèi)就出了兩版。

She was so surprised that she just stood there.

她是如此吃驚,就呆呆地站在那里。

B. so+副詞+that從句

He drove so fast that he found it difficult to stop at the red light.他開(kāi)車那么快,發(fā)現(xiàn)紅燈時(shí)已無(wú)法剎車了。

His friends were walking so slowly that he began to feel bored.他的朋友走得那么慢,他開(kāi)始感到厭倦。

C. so+形容詞+a+單數(shù)名詞+that從句

It is so heavy a stone that I can't lift it.

這么重的一塊石頭,我舉不起來(lái)。

It is so lovely a day that I'd like to go swimming.

如此好的天氣,我想去游泳。

D. so+many/much/(a) few/(a) little+名詞+that從句

He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.

他摔了那么多跤,以致渾身青一塊、紫一塊。

so...that...可以與以下結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換：

A. 與too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換

too...to...意為“太……以至于不能……”,與so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)互換時(shí),that從句中必須使用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can't(如果是過(guò)去時(shí)則用couldn't)。如:

He was so clever that he couldn't make such stupid mistakes. → He was too clever to make such stupid mistakes.他太聰明了,不會(huì)犯這么愚蠢的錯(cuò)誤。

溫馨提示:如果主從句的主語(yǔ)不一致,改為同義句時(shí),要用too...for sb. to...結(jié)構(gòu)。如:

That question is so difficult that I can't work it out. →That question is too difficult for me to work out.這個(gè)問(wèn)題太難,我算不出來(lái)。

B. 與enough to do/not enough to do結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換

a)與enough to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換。

enough to do sth.意為“……足夠做某事”,與so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí),that從句中必須使用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can。如:

You are so healthy that you can get back to school. → You are healthy enough to get back to school.你身體健康,可以回學(xué)校去了。

b)與not...enough to do結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換。

not...enough to do意為“沒(méi)到做某事的……”,與so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí),that從句中必須使用含有否定意義的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。enough前面的形容詞是so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)中so后面形容詞的反義詞。如:

The boy is so young that he can't dress himself. →The boy is not old enough to dress himself.

這個(gè)孩子還沒(méi)到自己穿衣服的年齡。

He is so impatient that he can't wait. → He is not patient enough to wait.他沒(méi)有足夠的耐心等待。

提分策略

連詞的考查在近幾年的中考題中出現(xiàn)率較高,測(cè)試內(nèi)容涉及并列連詞的用法、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句等。遇到有關(guān)連詞的單項(xiàng)選擇題時(shí),考生需注意下面的問(wèn)題:

1. 簡(jiǎn)單連詞的選擇

首先找出連詞在句中是連接詞與詞、短語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)還是連接句子與句子,以此來(lái)確定用并列連詞還是從屬連詞。如果選擇并列連詞,應(yīng)該根據(jù)具體的語(yǔ)境,通過(guò)句意來(lái)確定應(yīng)該用表示平行或承接關(guān)系的連詞、選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞還是表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞。

【例1】(2014·北京·24)I'd like to go with you,　　　　 I'm too busy.

A. or B. and C. so D. but

【解析】　考查連詞的用法。由后一句中的“too busy”判斷,應(yīng)該用but來(lái)連接,表示轉(zhuǎn)折,不是選擇、遞進(jìn)或因果。 故選D。

【答案】　D

【例2】(2014·江西·30)　　　　 jeans were invented over 100 years ago,they're still in fashion today.

A. Because B. If

C. Although D. Since

【解析】　考查連詞的用法。 由句子關(guān)系和句意“100多年前發(fā)明牛仔褲,現(xiàn)在仍然時(shí)髦”判斷,該句是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。故選C。

【答案】　C

2. 復(fù)合連詞和短語(yǔ)連詞的選擇。

復(fù)合連詞和短語(yǔ)連詞可以引導(dǎo)并列句和各種不同的復(fù)合句。常見(jiàn)的有:both...and...;either...or...;neither...nor...;as well;not only...but also;as soon as

【例】(2013·內(nèi)蒙古包頭·32)One important aim of our school is to prepare us for the future 　　　　we can face all the challenges with confidence.

A. so far B. so that

C. even if D. if only

【解析】　考查短語(yǔ)連詞的辨析。so far到目前為止;so that以至于;even if即使;if only如果;由句意“我們學(xué)校的一個(gè)重要目標(biāo)是為我們的將來(lái)做準(zhǔn)備以至于我們能夠有信心面對(duì)各種挑戰(zhàn)”判斷,該句是因果關(guān)系,應(yīng)該用短語(yǔ)連詞so that來(lái)連接。故選B。

【答案】B

3. 從屬連詞的選擇

如果需要選擇從屬連詞,應(yīng)該根據(jù)主句與從句之間的關(guān)系確定是賓語(yǔ)從句還是狀語(yǔ)從句。如果是狀語(yǔ)從句,還要根據(jù)句意分析,從句是表示時(shí)間、條件、原因還是結(jié)果等。 然后確定所需的連詞。

【例1】(2014·河南·34)He's not a perfect child. He sometimes talks back 　　　　his parents talks with him.

A. if B. before

C. when D. until

【解析】　考查連詞的用法。由句意“他不是個(gè)完美的孩子,他父母和他談話時(shí),他有時(shí)頂嘴”和句子之間的關(guān)系判斷,該句是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,不是條件狀語(yǔ)從句。因?yàn)橹骶浜蛷木涞膭?dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,不是前后發(fā)生的或“直到……為止”。故選 C。

【答案】C

【例2】(2013·浙江義烏·19)I'll probably stay with my friends 　　　　I get my own place to live in.

A. before B. when

C. after D. because

【解析】　考查連詞的用法。這是一個(gè)含有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。A項(xiàng)表示“在……以前”,B項(xiàng)表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”,C項(xiàng)表示“在……之后”,D項(xiàng)表示“因?yàn)椤薄８鶕?jù)句意:“在我有自己的房子之前,我很可能和我的朋友們住在一起”,可知本題選A。

【答案】A

專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

1. (2014·江蘇鹽城· 13)—Mum,I want some pocket money.

—Well. I won't give it to you 　　　　you wash your clothes.

A. if B. unless C. while D. though

2. (2014·山東德州·24)　　　　 the car's old,it still runs well.

A. Because B. So C. Although D. But

3. (2014·江蘇泰州 ·10)He is very glad and keeps smiling,　　　　 he has already known the good news.

A. as if B. even though C. even if D. so that

4. (2014·內(nèi)蒙古赤峰·32)—Do you know 　　　the girl in blue is?

—I'm not sure. May be a teacher.

A. whose? B. how C. what D. which

5. (2014· 江蘇揚(yáng)州·11)—Why were you late for school again this morning?

—I was about to go shopping 　　　　it began to rain.

A. while? B. as C. when D. though

6. (2014 ·江蘇東臺(tái)·14)You can save money 　　　　you buy cheaper things.

A. before B. unless C. if D. until

7. (2013·天津)Help others whenever you can 　　　　you'll make the world a nicer place to live in.

A. or B. and C. but D. so

8. (2013·安徽)—How was your climbing Mount Huang?

—I didn't believe I could do it 　　　　I got to the top.

A. until B. while C. after D. though

9. (2013·江蘇蘇州)Cross the road carefully,　　　　 you'll keep yourself safe.

A. so B. or C. but D. and

10. (2013·上海靜安)Which mobile phone would you like to buy,an HTC 　　　　an iPhone 5?

A. and B. so C. but D. or

11. (2013·山西)Wang Dong didn't go to school yesterday 　　　　he was ill.

A. so B. if C. because

12. (2013·河南安陽(yáng))Hurry up,　　　　 you will miss the train.

A. and B. so C. or D. but

13. (2013·云南)　　　　 we don't save water,we will have no water to drink one day.

A. Where B. When C. Although D. If

14. (2013·浙江杭州)We will be punished 　　　we break the law.

A. until B. if C. unless D. though

【答案與解析】

1. B　解析:考查連詞辨析用法。該句是條件狀語(yǔ)從句,所以排除C、D兩項(xiàng)。因?yàn)橹骶涫欠穸ńY(jié)構(gòu),從句也要否定結(jié)構(gòu),雙重否定表示肯定。故選B。

2. C　解析:考查連詞辨析用法。Because因?yàn)?So因此;Although雖然;But但是。該句是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,應(yīng)該用although來(lái)連接。故選C。

3. A　解析:考查短語(yǔ)連詞辨析用法。as if好像;even though雖然;even if即使;so that以便;結(jié)果。句意:他非常高興,一直在笑著,仿佛他已經(jīng)知道這個(gè)好消息了。故選A。

4. C　解析:考查連詞辨析用法。該句是賓語(yǔ)從句,whose是所有格,之后要跟名詞;how是詢問(wèn)怎么樣;what是詢問(wèn)干什么、是什么;which是詢問(wèn)哪一個(gè)。疑問(wèn)句是詢問(wèn)女孩是干什么的,所以排除A、B、D三項(xiàng)。故選C。

5. C　解析:考查連詞辨析用法。while 和……同時(shí);as一邊;when當(dāng)……的時(shí)候;這時(shí);though雖然。從句是并列句,所以排除A、B、D三項(xiàng)。故選C。

6. C　解析:考查連詞辨析用法。before 在……之前;unless如果不;if如果;until直到……。該句是條件狀語(yǔ)從句,不是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,所以排除A、D兩項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)含否定意義,也不符合題意。故選C。

7. B　解析:考查連詞用法。根據(jù)題意“無(wú)論什么時(shí)候,盡你所能幫助別人,你會(huì)讓這個(gè)世界變得更美好。”等同于肯定意義的條件句。相當(dāng)于結(jié)構(gòu)“祈使句+and+將來(lái)時(shí)”,故選B。

8. A　解析:考查連詞用法。not...until...直到……才……。根據(jù)句意“直到我爬到山頂我才相信我能做到”可知選A。

9. D　解析:考查連詞辨析。so因此;or否則;but表示轉(zhuǎn)折;and理解為“那么”,用于表示并列。根據(jù)題意“小心穿越馬路,能保證自己安全”可知用and連接。

10. D　解析:考查連詞用法。which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句是選擇疑問(wèn)句,選擇項(xiàng)用or連接。

11. C　解析:考查連詞用法。上句是“王東沒(méi)有去上學(xué),”下句是“他生病了”,顯然后者是前者的原因,因此用because。

12. C　解析:考查并列連詞用法。句意:快點(diǎn),否則你會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)火車的。or有“否則”的意思。因此答案選C。

13. D　解析:考查連18中考英語(yǔ)易錯(cuò)知識(shí)點(diǎn)專練：連詞（含答案和解析）

2017-09-04 提成績(jī)，? 初中英語(yǔ)

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連詞除了用于連接單詞與單詞、短語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)，還主要用于并列句和主從復(fù)合句，初中階段，關(guān)于從句，我們主要學(xué)習(xí)狀語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句。今天我們就一起來(lái)看看中考英語(yǔ)是怎樣對(duì)連詞進(jìn)行考查的以及易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)在哪里！

易錯(cuò)知識(shí)點(diǎn)清單

1. as,while,when

as用作連詞時(shí),含義比較多：

A)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

(1)用“as soon as”結(jié)構(gòu),意思是“一……就”。例如:

Please e-mail me as soon as you get there.

請(qǐng)你一到那里就給我發(fā)電子郵件。

I'll tell him the news as soon as he comes back.

他一回來(lái)我就把這個(gè)消息告訴他。

(2)作“與……同時(shí)、一邊……一邊、當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”講時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)主從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,而從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。例如:

He read the letter as he walked along the river.

他一邊沿著河邊走,一邊讀信。

As I waited at the stop, I heard a big noise.

我在車站候車的時(shí)候,聽(tīng)到了一聲巨響。

B)引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句。用于“as...as”結(jié)構(gòu)中,第一個(gè)as是副詞,第二個(gè)as是連詞。否定句用not as/so...as結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:

He sings as well as his brother.他唱歌和哥哥一樣好。

Canoeing is not as/so interesting as sailing.

劃獨(dú)木舟沒(méi)有航海有趣。

C)引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。表示明顯的原因,意思是“由于、鑒于”。例如:

We all like her as she is kind.我們都喜歡她,因?yàn)樗屏肌?/p>

As you're tired, you'd better have a rest.因?yàn)槟闫?你最好休息一下。

D)引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“按照、如同”。如:

I have changed it as you suggested.

我已經(jīng)按照你的建議修改了。

As two is to three,four is to six.

四比六等于二比三。

含有as的短語(yǔ)和固定搭配常見(jiàn)的有:

(1)as well as也　

(2)as if好像

(3)the same as 和……一樣

(4)such as例如　

(5)as...as possible盡可能......　

(6)so as to為了、以便

(7)as soon as 一……就......　

(8)as a matter of fact事實(shí)上/實(shí)際上

(9)as for至于　

(10)as well也

(11)not only...but also...不但……而且

(12)both...and...既……又……

as用作介詞,意為“如同、作為、當(dāng)作”,與介詞like不同,as表示某人/物看起來(lái)完全一樣或幾乎相同,而like表示相似關(guān)系,但不等同。如:

Don't have him as a servant.不要把他看作仆人。

He works as a servant.他以仆人的身份工作著。

試比較:He works like a servant.他像仆人一樣工作。(實(shí)際上不是。)

as作“作為”講時(shí),相當(dāng)于being。如:

As a student,it's bad manners to be late for class.作為學(xué)生,遲到是不禮貌的。(=Being a student,it's bad manners to be late for class.)

as常與動(dòng)詞連用,構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)或固定搭配如:look upon...as把……看作;regard...as把……認(rèn)為是/把……看作;act as擔(dān)任、充當(dāng)?shù)取?/p>

as用作副詞,意思是“同樣地”,通常用來(lái)修飾副詞或形容詞。如:

He works hard,but I study just as hard.

他努力學(xué)習(xí),我學(xué)習(xí)也一樣努力。

Their shool is as beautiful as ours.

他們的學(xué)校和我們的學(xué)校一樣美麗。

when用作連詞,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”。如:

She wants to be a scientist when she grows up.

她長(zhǎng)大后想當(dāng)科學(xué)家。

When the game began,I was waiting for a taxi.

當(dāng)比賽開(kāi)始時(shí),我在等出租車。

when可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,后面跟陳述句語(yǔ)序,意思是“什么時(shí)候、何時(shí)”。如:

Please tell me when you came here.

請(qǐng)告訴我你是什么時(shí)候到的。

He asked when the game would start.

他問(wèn)比賽什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始。

when用作疑問(wèn)副詞,意為“什么時(shí)候、何時(shí)”,引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句,可以問(wèn)時(shí)間點(diǎn),也可以問(wèn)時(shí)間段。如:

—When do you usually go to school every day?

——你每天通常什么時(shí)候上學(xué)?

—At six o'clock.

——六點(diǎn)鐘。

—When will he be back?

——他什么時(shí)候回來(lái)?

—In a week.

——一個(gè)星期以后。

—When were you born?

——你是什么時(shí)候出生的?

—I was born in 1995.

——我出生在1995年。

while用作連詞時(shí),意為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候、和……同時(shí)”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,從句只能指時(shí)間段,不能指時(shí)間點(diǎn),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞。如:

Strike while the iron is hot.趁熱打鐵。

Somebody broke into the house while we were out.

我們外出時(shí)有人破門而入。

while用作連詞時(shí),引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“雖然、盡管”。如:

While I admit his good points,I can see his shortcomings.

盡管我承認(rèn)他的優(yōu)點(diǎn),我還是看到他的缺點(diǎn)了。

while用作名詞,意思是“一會(huì)兒、一段時(shí)間”。如:

Please wait a while.請(qǐng)稍等。

I haven't seen him for a long while.我好久沒(méi)有看到他了。

2. because,since,as,for

because表示理由或直接原因,意思是“因?yàn)椤?語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)。引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),常用于句子中間,位于句首時(shí),要用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。單獨(dú)成句時(shí),通常用來(lái)回答why所提出的問(wèn)題。例如:

I like my parrot because it can sing.

因?yàn)辂W鵡會(huì)唱歌,所以我喜歡它。

Pandas are my favorite animals because they're very cute.

因?yàn)樾茇埡芸蓯?ài),所以它們是我最喜愛(ài)的動(dòng)物。

—Why do you like giraffes?

—Because they are very interesting.

——你為什么喜歡長(zhǎng)頸鹿?

——因?yàn)樗鼈兒苡腥ぁ?/p>

because表示理由/原因時(shí),不能與so直接連用。漢語(yǔ)中,表示因果關(guān)系時(shí)要用“因?yàn)椤浴?而英語(yǔ)中,用because就不用so,用so就不用because。試比較:

Nick caught a bad cold yesterday,so he had to stay at home.

Because Nick caught a bad cold yesterday,he had to stay at home.尼克昨天得了重感冒,因此他不得不待在家里。

because可以與of連用,構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)because of,之后跟名詞、代詞、詞組或短語(yǔ)表示理由/原因。如:

He has poor eyesight because of doing lots of computer work.

由于做大量的電腦工作,他的視力差。

The match was put off because of the bad weather.

比賽由于天氣不好被推遲了。

since表達(dá)明顯的或已知的理由,意為“既然”。since引導(dǎo)的從句常用于句首,語(yǔ)氣不如because,但是比as語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)。引導(dǎo)的從句位于句子末尾時(shí),可以作為補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。如:

Since everybody is here,let's begin.

既然大家都到了,那我們就開(kāi)始吧。

Since you don't want to go there,I won't force you to.

既然你不想去,我也不勉強(qiáng)你。

I'll go to ask someone else,since you have no time.

既然你沒(méi)有時(shí)間,我就去找別人。

as表示理由時(shí),意為“由于”,引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),主、從句并重,從句說(shuō)明原因,主句說(shuō)明結(jié)果,相當(dāng)于since,但是語(yǔ)氣不如since。如:

As it was late,I left in a hurry.

因?yàn)樘焐淹?我就匆忙離開(kāi)了。

As I'm very busy,I can't go with you.

我很忙,所以不能和你一起去。

for是并列連詞,表明附加或推斷的理由,常用于口語(yǔ)中,意為“因?yàn)椤薄or連接的句子不用于句首,并列句之間可以用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。如:

I must be away for a week,for I'll go to Shanghai.

我要離開(kāi)一個(gè)星期,因?yàn)槲乙ド虾！?/p>

He must be at home,for the light in the room is on.

他一定在家,因?yàn)榉块g里的燈亮著。

I'm late for class for I got up late.

我上學(xué)遲到是因?yàn)槲移鸫策t了。

3. so...that,such...that

so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”, so是副詞,后面跟形容詞或副詞,that后面跟句子表示結(jié)果,常見(jiàn)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)有下面四種:

A. so+形容詞+that從句

The novel is so popular that it ran into two editions in a year.

這本小說(shuō)是那么受歡迎,一年內(nèi)就出了兩版。

She was so surprised that she just stood there.

她是如此吃驚,就呆呆地站在那里。

B. so+副詞+that從句

He drove so fast that he found it difficult to stop at the red light.他開(kāi)車那么快,發(fā)現(xiàn)紅燈時(shí)已無(wú)法剎車了。

His friends were walking so slowly that he began to feel bored.他的朋友走得那么慢,他開(kāi)始感到厭倦。

C. so+形容詞+a+單數(shù)名詞+that從句

It is so heavy a stone that I can't lift it.

這么重的一塊石頭,我舉不起來(lái)。

It is so lovely a day that I'd like to go swimming.

如此好的天氣,我想去游泳。

D. so+many/much/(a) few/(a) little+名詞+that從句

He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.

他摔了那么多跤,以致渾身青一塊、紫一塊。

so...that...可以與以下結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換：

A. 與too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換

too...to...意為“太……以至于不能……”,與so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)互換時(shí),that從句中必須使用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can't(如果是過(guò)去時(shí)則用couldn't)。如:

He was so clever that he couldn't make such stupid mistakes. → He was too clever to make such stupid mistakes.他太聰明了,不會(huì)犯這么愚蠢的錯(cuò)誤。

溫馨提示:如果主從句的主語(yǔ)不一致,改為同義句時(shí),要用too...for sb. to...結(jié)構(gòu)。如:

That question is so difficult that I can't work it out. →That question is too difficult for me to work out.這個(gè)問(wèn)題太難,我算不出來(lái)。

B. 與enough to do/not enough to do結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換

a)與enough to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換。

enough to do sth.意為“……足夠做某事”,與so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí),that從句中必須使用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can。如:

You are so healthy that you can get back to school. → You are healthy enough to get back to school.你身體健康,可以回學(xué)校去了。

b)與not...enough to do結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換。

not...enough to do意為“沒(méi)到做某事的……”,與so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí),that從句中必須使用含有否定意義的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。enough前面的形容詞是so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)中so后面形容詞的反義詞。如:

The boy is so young that he can't dress himself. →The boy is not old enough to dress himself.

這個(gè)孩子還沒(méi)到自己穿衣服的年齡。

He is so impatient that he can't wait. → He is not patient enough to wait.他沒(méi)有足夠的耐心等待。

提分策略

連詞的考查在近幾年的中考題中出現(xiàn)率較高,測(cè)試內(nèi)容涉及并列連詞的用法、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句等。遇到有關(guān)連詞的單項(xiàng)選擇題時(shí),考生需注意下面的問(wèn)題:

1. 簡(jiǎn)單連詞的選擇

首先找出連詞在句中是連接詞與詞、短語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)還是連接句子與句子,以此來(lái)確定用并列連詞還是從屬連詞。如果選擇并列連詞,應(yīng)該根據(jù)具體的語(yǔ)境,通過(guò)句意來(lái)確定應(yīng)該用表示平行或承接關(guān)系的連詞、選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞還是表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞。

【例1】(2014·北京·24)I'd like to go with you,　　　　 I'm too busy.

A. or B. and C. so D. but

【解析】　考查連詞的用法。由后一句中的“too busy”判斷,應(yīng)該用but來(lái)連接,表示轉(zhuǎn)折,不是選擇、遞進(jìn)或因果。 故選D。

【答案】　D

【例2】(2014·江西·30)　　　　 jeans were invented over 100 years ago,they're still in fashion today.

A. Because B. If

C. Although D. Since

【解析】　考查連詞的用法。 由句子關(guān)系和句意“100多年前發(fā)明牛仔褲,現(xiàn)在仍然時(shí)髦”判斷,該句是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。故選C。

【答案】　C

2. 復(fù)合連詞和短語(yǔ)連詞的選擇。

復(fù)合連詞和短語(yǔ)連詞可以引導(dǎo)并列句和各種不同的復(fù)合句。常見(jiàn)的有:both...and...;either...or...;neither...nor...;as well;not only...but also;as soon as

【例】(2013·內(nèi)蒙古包頭·32)One important aim of our school is to prepare us for the future 　　　　we can face all the challenges with confidence.

A. so far B. so that

C. even if D. if only

【解析】　考查短語(yǔ)連詞的辨析。so far到目前為止;so that以至于;even if即使;if only如果;由句意“我們學(xué)校的一個(gè)重要目標(biāo)是為我們的將來(lái)做準(zhǔn)備以至于我們能夠有信心面對(duì)各種挑戰(zhàn)”判斷,該句是因果關(guān)系,應(yīng)該用短語(yǔ)連詞so that來(lái)連接。故選B。

【答案】B

3. 從屬連詞的選擇

如果需要選擇從屬連詞,應(yīng)該根據(jù)主句與從句之間的關(guān)系確定是賓語(yǔ)從句還是狀語(yǔ)從句。如果是狀語(yǔ)從句,還要根據(jù)句意分析,從句是表示時(shí)間、條件、原因還是結(jié)果等。 然后確定所需的連詞。

【例1】(2014·河南·34)He's not a perfect child. He sometimes talks back 　　　　his parents talks with him.

A. if B. before

C. when D. until

【解析】　考查連詞的用法。由句意“他不是個(gè)完美的孩子,他父母和他談話時(shí),他有時(shí)頂嘴”和句子之間的關(guān)系判斷,該句是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,不是條件狀語(yǔ)從句。因?yàn)橹骶浜蛷木涞膭?dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,不是前后發(fā)生的或“直到……為止”。故選 C。

【答案】C

【例2】(2013·浙江義烏·19)I'll probably stay with my friends 　　　　I get my own place to live in.

A. before B. when

C. after D. because

【解析】　考查連詞的用法。這是一個(gè)含有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。A項(xiàng)表示“在……以前”,B項(xiàng)表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”,C項(xiàng)表示“在……之后”,D項(xiàng)表示“因?yàn)椤薄８鶕?jù)句意:“在我有自己的房子之前,我很可能和我的朋友們住在一起”,可知本題選A。

【答案】A

專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

1. (2014·江蘇鹽城· 13)—Mum,I want some pocket money.

—Well. I won't give it to you 　　　　you wash your clothes.

A. if B. unless C. while D. though

2. (2014·山東德州·24)　　　　 the car's old,it still runs well.

A. Because B. So C. Although D. But

3. (2014·江蘇泰州 ·10)He is very glad and keeps smiling,　　　　 he has already known the good news.

A. as if B. even though C. even if D. so that

4. (2014·內(nèi)蒙古赤峰·32)—Do you know 　　　the girl in blue is?

—I'm not sure. May be a teacher.

A. whose? B. how C. what D. which

5. (2014· 江蘇揚(yáng)州·11)—Why were you late for school again this morning?

—I was about to go shopping 　　　　it began to rain.

A. while? B. as C. when D. though

6. (2014 ·江蘇東臺(tái)·14)You can save money 　　　　you buy cheaper things.

A. before B. unless C. if D. until

7. (2013·天津)Help others whenever you can 　　　　you'll make the world a nicer place to live in.

A. or B. and C. but D. so

8. (2013·安徽)—How was your climbing Mount Huang?

—I didn't believe I could do it 　　　　I got to the top.

A. until B. while C. after D. though

9. (2013·江蘇蘇州)Cross the road carefully,　　　　 you'll keep yourself safe.

A. so B. or C. but D. and

10. (2013·上海靜安)Which mobile phone would you like to buy,an HTC 　　　　an iPhone 5?

A. and B. so C. but D. or

11. (2013·山西)Wang Dong didn't go to school yesterday 　　　　he was ill.

A. so B. if C. because

12. (2013·河南安陽(yáng))Hurry up,　　　　 you will miss the train.

A. and B. so C. or D. but

13. (2013·云南)　　　　 we don't save water,we will have no water to drink one day.

A. Where B. When C. Although D. If

14. (2013·浙江杭州)We will be punished 　　　we break the law.

A. until B. if C. unless D. though

【答案與解析】

1. B　解析:考查連詞辨析用法。該句是條件狀語(yǔ)從句,所以排除C、D兩項(xiàng)。因?yàn)橹骶涫欠穸ńY(jié)構(gòu),從句也要否定結(jié)構(gòu),雙重否定表示肯定。故選B。

2. C　解析:考查連詞辨析用法。Because因?yàn)?So因此;Although雖然;But但是。該句是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,應(yīng)該用although來(lái)連接。故選C。

3. A　解析:考查短語(yǔ)連詞辨析用法。as if好像;even though雖然;even if即使;so that以便;結(jié)果。句意:他非常高興,一直在笑著,仿佛他已經(jīng)知道這個(gè)好消息了。故選A。

4. C　解析:考查連詞辨析用法。該句是賓語(yǔ)從句,whose是所有格,之后要跟名詞;how是詢問(wèn)怎么樣;what是詢問(wèn)干什么、是什么;which是詢問(wèn)哪一個(gè)。疑問(wèn)句是詢問(wèn)女孩是干什么的,所以排除A、B、D三項(xiàng)。故選C。

5. C　解析:考查連詞辨析用法。while 和……同時(shí);as一邊;when當(dāng)……的時(shí)候;這時(shí);though雖然。從句是并列句,所以排除A、B、D三項(xiàng)。故選C。

6. C　解析:考查連詞辨析用法。before 在……之前;unless如果不;if如果;until直到……。該句是條件狀語(yǔ)從句,不是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,所以排除A、D兩項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)含否定意義,也不符合題意。故選C。

7. B　解析:考查連詞用法。根據(jù)題意“無(wú)論什么時(shí)候,盡你所能幫助別人,你會(huì)讓這個(gè)世界變得更美好。”等同于肯定意義的條件句。相當(dāng)于結(jié)構(gòu)“祈使句+and+將來(lái)時(shí)”,故選B。

8. A　解析:考查連詞用法。not...until...直到……才……。根據(jù)句意“直到我爬到山頂我才相信我能做到”可知選A。

9. D　解析:考查連詞辨析。so因此;or否則;but表示轉(zhuǎn)折;and理解為“那么”,用于表示并列。根據(jù)題意“小心穿越馬路,能保證自己安全”可知用and連接。

10. D　解析:考查連詞用法。which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句是選擇疑問(wèn)句,選擇項(xiàng)用or連接。

11. C　解析:考查連詞用法。上句是“王東沒(méi)有去上學(xué),”下句是“他生病了”,顯然后者是前者的原因,因此用because。

12. C　解析:考查并列連詞用法。句意:快點(diǎn),否則你會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)火車的。or有“否則”的意思。因此答案選C。

13. D　解析:考查連詞用法。句意:如果我們不節(jié)約用水,有一天我們將會(huì)沒(méi)有水喝的。If “如果”引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。

14. B　解析:考查連詞用法。“違反法律和受到懲罰”存在一種假設(shè),故用if引導(dǎo),句意:如果我們違反了法律,就會(huì)受到懲罰。詞用法。句意:如果我們不節(jié)約用水,有一天我們將會(huì)沒(méi)有水喝的。If “如果”引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。

14. B　解析:考查連詞用法。“違反法律和受到懲罰”存在一種假設(shè),故用if引導(dǎo),句意:如果我們違反了法律,就會(huì)受到懲罰。