大家先看看Jason老師之前的文章《英語語法 名詞性從句的使用》《英語語法 名詞性從句的使用 續1》
今天Jason老師繼續給大家一些名詞性從句的范例，然后分析下結構。
看句子
I heard?that you’re settled down,
I heard?that you found a girlandyou’re married now.
I heard?that your dreams came true.
I had hoped?you’d see my face?and?that?you’d be reminded
大家記不記得名詞是某物或某人的稱呼？名詞從句是很長的由很多詞組成的名詞。當然有限定動詞的存在，要不然就只算是名詞短語了。
與名詞一樣，名詞從句可以用代詞替代。代詞不僅限于 I, you, me, it, they 等。我們可以說
this song ? this,
these songs ? these,
that song ? that.但是that這個詞要特別注意。通常我們分析句子結構時，關注的是單詞是如何使用的。下面的例句中，that是名詞性從句的引導詞，或者是Jason老師所寫句子中的代詞。
1. I heard?that?you’re settled down,
= I heard this. OR it. OR that.
2. I heard that?you found a girland (that)?you’re married now.
= I heard this / it / that and this / it / that.
3. I heard?that?your dreams came true.
= I heard this / it / that.
4. I had hoped (that)you’d see my faceand?that?you’d be reminded
= I had hoped this / it / that and this / it / that.
注沒注意到名詞從句引導詞that后面連接著一個句子（從句）。That省略不省略后面都有一個句子。
這些例句都是間接引語，你發現了嗎？
記住
名詞從句是從屬分句
名詞從句的引導詞是從屬連詞
名詞從句的引導詞that也是關系從句的引導詞。在關系從句中，that是代詞，可以用which和who代替。這也是判斷名詞性從句和關系從句的方法。
I guess she gave you things (that) I didn’t give to you. 關系從句
=I guess she gave you things (which) I didn’t give to you. 關系從句
The singer?that?wrote those songs is from England. 關系從句
= The singer?who?wrote those songs is from England. 關系從句
在名詞從句中that不是代詞，不能用which或者who代替。
The rumour?that?Aliceis going to retire is not true.
不可以變成：The rumour which Alice is going to retire is not true.
I heard?that your dreams came true.
不可以變成：I heard which your dreams came true.
判斷是否為關系從句還是名詞從句還有一個簡單的方法，名詞性從句引導詞that后面接的是一個句子。
I heard?that you found a girl
是that 加上句子:You found a girl.名詞從句
I heard?that your dreams came true
是 tha加上句子:Your dreams came true.名詞從句
關系從句中that后面接的不是句子。
I guess she gave you things (that) I didn’t give to you. that后面是一個不完整的句子
The singer?who?wrote those songsis from England. who后面也不是一個完整的句子
關系從句引導詞that, who, which, whom, whose后面接的都不是句子。
名詞性從句引導詞that不能接在介詞后面
The audience were delighted by?that?she sang.是不對的
但是可以是：
> The audience were delighted by?what?she sang.
> The audience were delighted by?how?she sang.
They listened attentively to?that?she said. 是錯的
但是這樣可以：
> They listened attentively to?what?she said.
wh開頭的引導詞不能接在形容詞后面
The audience were delighted?what?she sang. 這樣是不可以的
應該是： The audience were delighted by?what?she sang.
She was sorry?why?she had to cancel a concert.
應該是：She was sorry?that?she had to cancel a concert.
只有少數形容詞，比如sure和certain后面可以接引導詞what,whether
I’m not sure?what?she sang first.
I’m not certain?whether?Alice sang “Hello” at her last concert.
這些是我們在學習名詞從句時需要注意的內容。記住英語語法規則的最好方法就是大量閱讀和傾聽，而不是死記硬背一大堆規則。讀的越多，聽的越多，使用的就越自然。
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